克氏原螯虾副溶血弧菌的分离鉴定及药敏特性

为了净化水产养殖环境,减少克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)由于养殖规模不断扩大而感染副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)导致的大量死亡,寻求安全有效的防治措施,开展了克氏原螯虾副溶血弧菌的分离鉴定及药敏特性试验。2018年5月从湖北省公安县某养殖场采集到一批患病的克氏原螯虾,解剖后发现病虾的肝胰腺肿大发黄,肠道内无食物,有类似肠炎症状,从肝胰腺中分离出的致病菌经TCBS培养,得到光滑蔓延生长的菌落,呈蓝绿色斗笠状,菌落大小不一。显微观察发现细菌形态为棒状或弧状,长短不一,革兰氏染色呈红色,属于革兰氏阴性菌,细菌形态单一;通过分析其16S rDNA序列和生理生化特征,鉴定为副溶血弧菌并命名为Vp-2,其与弧菌属种类同源性最高,并与菌株Vibrio parahaemolyticus DQ068942.1的亲缘关系较近。通过纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,该菌株对氟苯尼考、卡那霉素、复方新诺明等7种抗生素敏感;对利福平、磺胺异恶唑、庆大霉素耐药。生理生化特性测定结果显示,菌株Vp-2的理化特性基本与标准菌株一致。人工回感试验表明,发病克氏原螯虾的症状与自然发病症状类似,解剖发现死亡的克氏原螯虾肝胰腺肿大发黄,肠道内有炎症现象,并从中分离到该菌。分离到的副溶血弧菌菌株对克氏原螯虾有致病性,生产中可用氟苯尼考、四环素等药物进行防治。

Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Procambarus clarkii

In this experiment, the pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the hepatopancreas of diseased P. clarkii. Through the analysis of 16s rDNA and identification of physiological and biochemical, it was identified as V. parahaemolyticus named Vp-2. The strain was sensitive to 7 antibiotics such as florfenicol, kanamycin, gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole, and resistant to rifampicin and sulfamethoxazole. The artificial infection experiment showed that the symptoms of diseased P. clarkii were similar to the natural incidence, and the bacteria could be isolated from it. In this experiment ,the strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated are pathogenic to P. clarkii and can be controlled by florfenicol and gentamicin in production.