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新疆伊犁河谷湿地鸟类多样性及其栖息地变化
引用本文:袁新龙,沙尼娅·哈力霍加,加尔肯居马肯·爱特.新疆伊犁河谷湿地鸟类多样性及其栖息地变化[J].水生态学杂志,2022,43(3):57-62.
作者姓名:袁新龙  沙尼娅·哈力霍加  加尔肯居马肯·爱特
作者单位:新疆伊犁州环境监测站
基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01A183);伊犁师范大学化学与环境科学学院天然产物化学与应用重点实验室开放课题(2020YSHXYB03);伊犁州科技计划项目(YZ200901011)
摘    要:2016年6月至2019年11月,按照样线法和样点法,结合历史文献资料及景观斑块分析方法,开展了伊犁河谷河流典型湿地鸟类及其栖息地现状调查。记录到伊犁河谷湿地鸟类物种114种,隶属于17目37科。雀形目占调查鸟类种属的32%,其次是雁形目、鸻形目,三者占比为50%,是湿地的优势群类。隶属古北界的鸟类占总种属的62%,广布种占31%,东洋界占7%。夏候鸟最多,占42%,冬候鸟占4%,留鸟占37%,旅鸟占5%,繁殖鸟占11%。伊犁河谷湿地鸟类多样性与历史资料直观对比下降明显。主要原因是40多年来,伊犁河谷鸟类的主要栖息地----伊犁河谷湿地面积锐减,景观斑块破碎化严重及人类活动增强。伊犁河谷湿地及其鸟类现状不容乐观,急待全面调查并采取适宜的应对之策。

关 键 词:新疆伊犁河谷  湿地  鸟类多样性  栖息地  景观斑块
收稿时间:2020/2/25 0:00:00
修稿时间:2021/3/9 0:00:00

Bird Diversity and Habitat Changes in Ili Valley Wetland, Xinjiang
YUAN Xin-long,Saniya Halihuoji,Jarkhen Jumaken AITE.Bird Diversity and Habitat Changes in Ili Valley Wetland, Xinjiang[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2022,43(3):57-62.
Authors:YUAN Xin-long  Saniya Halihuoji  Jarkhen Jumaken AITE
Institution:Ili Environmental Monitoring Center, Yining Xinjiang
Abstract:The bird population of and its habitat was studies using transect census methods and point count methods, combined with historical records and landscape patches analysis from June 2016 to November 2019. Altogether one hundred and fourteen species of wetland birds were recorded in Ili River Valley. Accounting for 50% of bird species, the predominant bird families are Passeriformes (32%), followed by Anseriformes and Charadriformes, Out of total bird species 46% were migratory, 37% were resident, 42% were summer visitors, and 4% were winter visitors. The bird diversity in the Ili River Valley Wetlands has declined significantly compared to historical data. The primary reason is the Ili Valley Wetlands, the main bird habitat of the Ili Valley, has drastically shrunk over last forty years with severe fragmentation of landscape patches and increase in human activity. The habitat and bird conservation in the Ili River Valley Wetlands does not currently look optimistic. A comprehensive investigation is urgently needed for appropriate countermeasures to be taken.
Keywords:Ili river valley in Xinjiang  wetland  bird diversity  habitat  landscape patches
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