白梭吻鲈3个群体的遗传结构比较

为了加强良种选育工作,切实做好亲本遗传管理,防止近交衰退的发生,利用20个微卫星分子标记对白梭吻鲈(Sander lucioperca)新疆野生群体及山东和苏州2个养殖群体的遗传结构进行检测。结果表明,20个微卫星标记中18个有扩增产物,14个呈现多态性;每个位点的等位基因数为2~6个,平均等位基因数为3.6个,3个群体的平均等位基因数为2.57~3.36,平均观测杂合度为0.5085~0.5621,平均多态性信息含量为0.3931~0.4764,表明3个白梭吻鲈群体的遗传多样性处于中等偏低水平,遗传多样性大小为:新疆群体苏州群体山东群体。群体的Fst为0.1798,表明群体间有一定的遗传分化。在白梭吻鲈人工繁殖与养殖过程中,必须加强亲本遗传结构监测并维持一定数量的亲本规模,以利于其产业的持续发展。

Genetic Structure Analysis of Three Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) Populations by Microsatellite Markers

The pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) is one of the most economically important fresh water species. To investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of pikeperch in China, three geographic populations of pikeperch were collected for research, one wild population from Xinjiang, two cultured populations from Shandong and Suzhou, respectively. 20 microsatellite markers were used for analysis. The results showed that out of 20 microsatellite primers, 18 loci were successfully amplicated, of which 14 loci were polymorphic in all the three populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six, with an average number of 3.6. Among the three populations, the average number of alleles, average expected heterozygosity (H_e) and average polymorphic information content ( PIC) ranged, respectively, from 2.57 to 3.36, 0.5085 to 0.5621, 0.3931 to 0.4764, which indacated the genetic diversity of the three populations was in the medium to low level. The order of the genetic diversity in the three populations is: Xinjiang>Suzhou> Shandong. The value of F_st revealed an genetic differentiation among the three populations. The highest genetic distance was between Xinjiang population and Shandong population, while the lowest between Shandong population and Suzhou population, showing the two populations had a close relationship. The research revealed that monitoring genetic background of parent populations and maintaining a large quantity scale are necessary measures for population genetic diversity and sustainable development of cultured farm.