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三峡库区支流小江回水区鱼类早期资源状况
引用本文:胡莲,姚金忠,杨志,史方,彭建华,丁庆秋,陈小娟.三峡库区支流小江回水区鱼类早期资源状况[J].水生态学杂志,2022,43(4):78-84.
作者姓名:胡莲  姚金忠  杨志  史方  彭建华  丁庆秋  陈小娟
作者单位:水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,中国长江三峡集团有限公司流域枢纽运行管理中心,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51679153)和2019年重庆市生态环境局科研项目《三峡库区消落带典型生态修复技术示范绩效评估研究》资助
摘    要:2019年3-6月在三峡水库支流小江回水区开展了鱼类早期资源调查,以了解该区域仔稚鱼的种类组成、仔稚鱼密度的时间动态及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示:采集到12种仔稚鱼,以太湖新银鱼Neosalanx taihuensis、中华鳑鲏Rhodeus sinensis、子陵吻鰕虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus、鲤Cyprinus carpio和鲫Carassius auratus仔稚鱼数量较多;4月下旬至6月上旬为仔稚鱼采集的高峰期,4月为鲤仔稚鱼密度出现高峰期,4-5月上、中旬为鲫仔稚鱼密度出现高峰期;底质类型、透明度和水温是影响所有种类、鲤和鲫仔稚鱼密度空间变动的最主要的因素。研究结果表明3-6月三峡水库水位的快速消落很可能是影响黏草产卵鱼类产卵孵化的关键影响因子,建议通过三峡水库的水位调度以及人工鱼巢在库区支流回水区的放置来缓解该影响。

关 键 词:三峡水库  早期资源  底质类型  产卵场  生态调度
收稿时间:2020/10/13 0:00:00
修稿时间:2020/11/17 0:00:00

Status of Early Stage Fish Resources in the Backwater Area of Xiaojiang River in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
HU Lian,YAO Jin-zhong,YANG Zhi,SHI Fang,PENG Jian-hu,DING Qing-qiu,CHEN Xiao-juan.Status of Early Stage Fish Resources in the Backwater Area of Xiaojiang River in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2022,43(4):78-84.
Authors:HU Lian  YAO Jin-zhong  YANG Zhi  SHI Fang  PENG Jian-hu  DING Qing-qiu  CHEN Xiao-juan
Institution:Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Watershed Hub Operation Management Center,China Three Gorges Corporation,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences
Abstract:In this study, we investigated early stage fish resources in the backwater of Xiaojiang River, focusing on species composition, temporal dynamics of larval and juvenile density and their relationship with environmental factors. The aim was to assess the status of early stage fish resources in Xiaojiang River and provide scientific evidence for fish resource protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Samples were collected using scoop nets and trawls from March to June in 2019 and water quality parameters, including water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and transparency were measured synchronously. A total of 12 fish species from 11 genera, 5 families and 4 orders were collected, and the number of Neosalanx taihuensis, Rhodeus sinensis, Rhinogobius giurinus, Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus larvae and juveniles were higher than for other species. The number of larvae and juveniles collected peaked from late April to early June, with C. carpio larvae and juveniles peaking in April and C. auratus larvae and juveniles peaking in early to middle April and May. Substrate type, transparency and water temperature were the most important factors associated with spatial variations in larval and juvenile densities of all species, especially C. carpio and C. auratus. Furthermore, the rapid decrease of water level in Three Gorges Reservoir from March to June is likely the key factor affecting spawning and hatching of fish that spawn sticky eggs on grasses. To alleviate the impact, we recommend regulating the water level of Three Gorges Reservoir and placing artificial nests in the backwater tributaries of Three Gorges Reservoir .
Keywords:HU Lian1  YAO Jin-zhong2  YANG Zhi1  SHI Fang1  PENG Jian-hua  DING Qing-qiu  CHEN Xiao-juan
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