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再生水补水的北京典型河流滨岸带植被分布特征及多样性研究
引用本文:张 義,于一雷,李胜男,徐卫刚,韦 玮,郝金虎.再生水补水的北京典型河流滨岸带植被分布特征及多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2022,43(4):45-55.
作者姓名:张 義  于一雷  李胜男  徐卫刚  韦 玮  郝金虎
作者单位:中国林业科学研究院湿地所,中国林业科学研究院湿地所
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费中国林科院重点项目(CAFYBB2017ZA007)
摘    要:为探讨再生水补水河流滨岸带植物分布特征及多样性,2019年7月对永定河和潮白河自然河水和再生水补水滨岸带的典型区域开展植被调查,并基于重要值、多样性指数和聚类分析等统计方法对自然滨岸带植物物种的组成、分布特征、多样性指数及生活型进行深入探讨。结果表明:(1)研究区内共发现34科73属90种植物,其中永定河自然段为19科40属47种、永定河再生水补水段19科34属37种、潮白河自然段为24科43属49种、潮白河再生水补水段为20科36属44种,均以菊科、禾本科和莎草科的物种数较多,并且芦苇和香蒲为再生水补水滨岸带常见植物,芦苇、葎草和狗尾草为自然河滨岸带常见植物;(2)聚类分析表明四组调查区内的群落可划分为9种类型:芦苇+葎草+香蒲群落、葎草+芦苇群落、芦苇+香蒲+三叶鬼针草群落、香蒲+芦苇群落、芦苇+狗尾草群落、香附子+芦苇群落、芦苇+褐穗莎草群落、芦苇+香蒲+香附子群落、芦苇+香蒲群落;(3)再生水补水滨岸带植物物种多样性指数(物种丰富度指数S、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数)均低于自然岸带,但再生水补水滨岸带植物平均株高和总盖度均高于自然岸带,其中永定河和潮白河之间此类参数无显著差别;(4)依照三级植物生活型分类方式将调查区内的植物分成了9种生活型,其中自然滨滨岸带涵盖3种一级生活型(木本、半木本、草本)和5种二级生活型(灌木、半灌木、一年生草本、多年生草本、水生植物),再生水补水滨岸带涵盖仅1种一级生活型(草本)和3种二级生活型(一年生草本、多年生草本、水生植物),其中,自然滨岸带植物生活型较再生水补水岸带丰富,但两者均以一年生草本和多年生草本为主要优势生活型。本研究将对再生水补水滨岸带植被恢复与重建、以及物种多样性保护提供一定的数据支持。

关 键 词:再生水  潮白河  永定河  多样性指数  植物群落  生活型
收稿时间:2020/12/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2022/7/13 0:00:00

Riparian Vegetation Distribution and Diversity Characteristics of Typical Rivers Supplemented with Reclaimed Water in Beijing
ZHANG Yi,YU Yi-lei,LI Sheng?nan,XU Wei?gang,WEI Wei,HAO Jin?hu.Riparian Vegetation Distribution and Diversity Characteristics of Typical Rivers Supplemented with Reclaimed Water in Beijing[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2022,43(4):45-55.
Authors:ZHANG Yi  YU Yi-lei  LI Sheng?nan  XU Wei?gang  WEI Wei  HAO Jin?hu
Institution:Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry,Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry
Abstract:Investigation of vegetation in typical riparian zone of Yongding River and Chaobai River was conducted in June , 2019 , for studying the characteristics of vegetation distribution and diversity. Then, the vegetation composition, distribution and life type were furtherly analyzed by statistical methods, that included important value, diversity index and cluster analysis. The main results were as follows: 1)There were 90 species belonging to 34 families and 73 genus, that included 47 species belonging to 19 families and 40 genus in natural riparian zone of Yongding River, 37 species belonging to 19 families and 34 genus in riparian zone of Yongding River replenished by reclaimed water, 49 species belonging to 24 families and 43 genus in natural riparian zone of Chaobai River, and 44 species belonging to 20 families and 36 genus in riparian zone of Chaobai River replenised by reclaimed water, most of which were Compositae family ,Gramineae family and Cyperaceae family. In addition, Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis are common plants in riparian zone replenished by reclaimed water, and Phragmites australis, Humulus scandens and Setaria viridis are common plants in natural riparian zone. 2) The results of cluster analysis showed that the communities in four investigation areas could be divided into nine types of plant communities: Phragmites australis+ Humulus scandens+ Typha orientalis; Humulus scandens+ Phragmites australis; Phragmites australis+ Typha orientalis+ Bidens Pilosa; Typha orientalis+ Phragmites australis; Phragmites australis+ Setaria viridis; Cyperus rotundus+ Phragmites australis; Phragmites australis+ Cyperus fuscus; Phragmites australis+ Typha orientalis+ Cyperus rotundus; Phragmites australis+ Typha orientalis. 3) The species diversity indexs of riparian zone replenished by reclaimed water was lower than that in natural riparian zone. However, the values of mean plant height and total coverage were opposite. 4) According to the method of third-level plant life types, the plants were divided into nine life types .The plant life types covering three first-level life types (woody, semi-woody, herbaceous) and five second-level life types (shrub, semi-shrub, annual herb, perennial herb, aquatic plant) of natural riparian zone were more abundant than that including one first-level life type (herbaceous) and three second-level life types (annual herb, perennial herb, aquatic plant) of riparian zone replenished by reclaimed water. Furthermore, annual and perennial herbs were dominant life types. The study would be of great significance for the restoration, reconstruction and protection of vegetation diversity in riparian zone replenished by reclaimed water.
Keywords:reclaimed water  Chaobai Reservoir  Yongding Reservoir  diversity index  plant community  plant life type
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