长江胭脂鱼人工放流子一代遗传多样性初步研究

运用微卫星分子标记对80尾胭脂鱼人工放流子一代个体的遗传多样性和种群遗传结构进行了分析。用磁珠富集法构建了胭脂鱼(AAAG)n富集文库，从中分离并鉴定得到的22个微卫星位点最终设计合成18对引物。对长江中、上游的80尾人工增殖放流的胭脂鱼子一代进行了遗传多样性的初步研究，其中5对引物呈现多态性，等位基因数目为 2～8个；多态信息含量0.2957～0.8038；Shannon多样性指数0.5466～1.8840；观测杂合度0.3056～0.7222；期望杂合度0.3658～0.8381；Hard-Weinberg遗传偏离指数（D）-0.1818～0.4287。结果初步表明，胭脂鱼人工放流子一代处于较高的遗传多样性水平，但很大程度上仍受到人类活动的影响。

Preliminary Studies on Genetic Diversity of first filial generation of Myxocyprinus asiaticus from artificial propagation releasing in Yangtze River

Microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of eighty fish samples from the first generation of Myxocyprinus asiaticus. From a (AAAG)n enriched genomic library, we got 22 microsatellites sequences and designed 18 pairs of primers. In a test on a population of 80 individuals of first filial generation from artificial propagation releasing in the upper/middle stream of the Yangtze River, five primer pairs exhibited polymorphic with 2 to 8 alleles per locus, and PIC changed from 0.2957 to 0.8038, Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.3056 to 0.7222 and from 0.3658 to 0.8381 per locus. Hard-Weinberg departure value (D) ranged from-0.1818 to 0.4287. All the results initially indicated that M. asiaticus influenced a lot by human activities, although it had relative rich genetic diversity.