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3种沉水植物碳氮代谢对水体氮源形态组成的响应
引用本文:章伟,王和云,赵以军.3种沉水植物碳氮代谢对水体氮源形态组成的响应[J].水生态学杂志,2017,38(2):51-56.
作者姓名:章伟  王和云  赵以军
作者单位:湖北工业大学资源与环境工程学院,河湖生态修复及藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430068,湖北工业大学资源与环境工程学院,河湖生态修复及藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430068,湖北工业大学资源与环境工程学院,河湖生态修复及藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430068
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(青年基金)(31000161);湖北工业大学博士启动基金(337223)
摘    要:以沉水植物穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum L.)、伊乐藻(Elodea canadensis Michx)和金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum L.)为试验对象,研究水体中不同硝态氮(NO_3~-N)和铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)浓度比对植物碳氮(C-N)代谢的影响。2015年春季栽培3种沉水植物;7月,截取长约10 cm的植物顶端于1 L的玻璃烧杯预培养,光暗比为14 L∶10 D,温度控制为光周期25℃,暗周期15℃,光照强度为110μmol/(m~2·s),预培养7 d后截取植物顶端1 g左右转入250 m L的锥形瓶,设计培养液总氮浓度为2 mg/L,按照NH_4~+-N与NO_3~-N的浓度比设置2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、2∶0、0∶2共计5个处理,以预培养液为对照,每个处理设置3个重复。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,氨氮添加显著提高了3种植物组织内游离氨基酸(FAA)的含量,且在氨氮浓度2 mg/L时FAA达最大;(2)植物体内可溶性糖含量(SC)存在显著的种间差异,二元方差分析显示处理间SC的差异,种间差异的贡献值为69%;(3)硝态氮完全替代氨态氮时,3种植物组织中的SC/FAA显著升高,二元方差分析显示处理间SC/FAA的差异主要源于氮源形态组成(56%);(4)伊乐藻体内FAA和SC含量均大于穗花狐尾藻和金鱼藻。这可能是它在富营养水体中更有优势的重要原因之一。

关 键 词:沉水植物  氨氮/硝氮  碳氮代谢  富营养化
收稿时间:2016/3/22 0:00:00
修稿时间:2017/3/25 0:00:00

Metabolic Characteristics of Three Submerged Macrophytes Exposed to Different NH4+-N/NO3--N Ratios in Eutrophic Water
ZHANG Wei,WANG He-yun and ZHAO Yi-jun.Metabolic Characteristics of Three Submerged Macrophytes Exposed to Different NH4+-N/NO3--N Ratios in Eutrophic Water[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2017,38(2):51-56.
Authors:ZHANG Wei  WANG He-yun and ZHAO Yi-jun
Institution:Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation of Lakes & Rivers and Algal Utilization of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, P.R.China,Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation of Lakes & Rivers and Algal Utilization of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, P.R.China and Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation of Lakes & Rivers and Algal Utilization of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, P.R.China
Abstract:It is known that C-N metabolism in aquatic plants is depressed by high NH4+-N concentrations in eutrophic water. The ratio of soluble carbohydrate to free amino acid (SC/FAA) can be used to index NH4+-N stress on C-N metabolism in aquatic plants. In this study, the C-N metabolic characteristics of three submerged plants ( Myriophyllum spicatum L., Elodea canadensis Michx and Ceratophyllum demersum Linn) grown under different ratios of NH4+-N -N: NO3--N, with a total dissolved inorganic nitrogen of 2mg/L (meets Class V water standard) were investigated. The growth rate and levels of FAA and SC of the three aquatic plants were compared to better understand the influence of the NH4+-N: NO3--N ratio on aquatic plant metabolism. Five treatments with varying NH4+-N: NO3--N ratios (adjusted with NH4Cl and KNO3) and one control group were set, with each group run in triplicate. The treatments were as follows: Control, no added NH4+-N or NO3--N; (1) NH4+-N: NO3--N =2:1; (2) NH4+-N: NO3--N =1:1; (3) NH4+-N: NO3--N =1:2; (4) NH4+-N only, no NO3--N; (5) NO3--N only, no added NH4+-N. The presence of NH4+-N significantly increased FAA content in all three plants and the FAA content increased with NH4+-N to a minimum of 2 mg/L, the highest treatment level in this study. In the control and the first three treatments, the SC content of the three species were significantly different and two-way ANOVA revealed that interspecific differences accounted for 69% of the observed difference in SC content. When no NH4+-N was added (only NO3--N present), the SC/FAA ratio in all three species increased significantly and ANOVA indicated that the NH4+-N: NO3--N ratio contributed 56% to the difference. In addition, E. Canadensis Michx had a higher FAA and SC content than the other two species, which helps explain its growth advantage in eutrophic water bodies.
Keywords:submerged plants  NH4+-N /NO3--N ratio  C-N metabolism  eutrophication
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