博斯腾湖流域生态系统服务价值时空演变及权衡协同关系

探讨流域地区生态系统服务价值变化及权衡协同关系，为流域优化土地利用提供科学依据，并为博斯腾湖流域生态系统服务管理优化提供依据。利用1995、2005、2010、2018年4期土地利用类型数据，利用生态系统服务价值表、生态系统服务价值评估模型以及生态系统服务功能权衡协同度（ESTD）模型，评估博斯腾湖流域生态系统服务价值，并分析该流域生态系统服务价值时空变化及权衡协同关系。结果表明：研究区生态系统服务价值总体上呈下降趋势，生态系统服务价值总量由1995年的557.428 ×108元减少到2018年的551.893 ×108元。空间上，生态系统服务价值呈现西南高东北低的特征，较高区域主要分布在中间靠北的山地及南部湖泊，较低区域主要分布在东南部未利用地。权衡协同度模型表明协同关系逐渐成为流域生态系统服务之间的主导关系。土地利用类型变化影响流域内权衡协同情况，应着重处理好流域经济发展与生态保护之间的关系。

Spatiotemporal Evolution, Trade-offs and Synergies Among Ecosystem Services in Bosten Lake Basin

Land use in the Bosten River basin has changed dramatically over the past 25 years. Studying changes in the value of ecosystem services as well as the trade-offs and synergies among ecological service functions in the basin is thus important?for coordinating social development and improving human well-being. Based on land use data on the Bosten River basin for 1995, 2005, 2010 and 2018 and ecosystem service value tables, the ecosystem service trade-off degree?(ESTD) model was used to evaluate ecosystem services in the basin. Spatial and temporal changes in ecosystem service values were then analyzed and the trade-offs and synergies among ecological services were explored.?The study provides scientific evidence for optimizing land use and managing ecological services in the Bosten River basin. Results show?that the value of ecosystem services?in the study area are trending downward, with the total value?decreasing from 557.428 ×108 yuan in 1995 to 551.893 ×108 yuan in 2018. Grass land and water areas were the primary land use types in the river basin, with much higher contributions to the total ecosystem service value. During the study period, the total value of ecosystem services decreased slightly (1995-2005), increased by 9.447×108 yuan (2005-2010), and decreased significantly, by 10.953 ×108 yuan (2010-2018). Spatially, the value of ecosystem services?was higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast. The highest value was in the central and northern area of mountains and lakes, and the lowest was in undeveloped areas. Among the nine ecological service functions, water resources, soil formation, biological diversity and waste treatment accounted for a large proportion of the total value, while the contributions of food production, raw materials and entertainment were relatively small. Trade-off?modelling suggested that synergisms have?gradually become the dominant relationship among ecosystem service functions in the Bosten River basin. Land use in the river basin has affected the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, and balancing economic development and ecological conservation is crucial for sustainable development.