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达里诺尔湖夏季浮游植物群落结构及分布特征
引用本文:徐琼,贾克力,李文宝,王利明,赵胜男,于瑞雪,杨久辉.达里诺尔湖夏季浮游植物群落结构及分布特征[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(6):14-22.
作者姓名:徐琼  贾克力  李文宝  王利明  赵胜男  于瑞雪  杨久辉
作者单位:内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,赤峰市克旗达里诺尔国家级自然保护区管理处
基金项目:国家自然科学(51339002,51469025),中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M562495XB);自治区级创 新团队资助
摘    要:为了探究达里诺尔湖夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及水质状况,对浮游植物的种类组成、多样性及环境理化因子进行监测。2015年夏季在湖区设置9个采样点进行定期采样,通过Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数等数据处理,结合Pearson相关分析,研究浮游植物群落结构空间分布特征、多样性及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,调查期间共发现浮游植物5门、39属、77种;其中绿藻门29种,占总种数37.66%;蓝藻门和硅藻门均有23种,均占29.87%。达里湖夏季浮游植物优势种为3门、14种,主要优势种为单生卵囊藻(Oocystis solitaria)、湖生卵囊藻(Oocystis lacustris)、不定微囊藻(Microcystis incerta)、小球藻(Chlorella sp.)和细小隐球藻(Aphanocapsa elachista)。浮游植物丰度为4.55×10~4~26.78×10~4个/L,其平均值为:水面下0.5 m(22.46×10~4个/L)1.5 m(20.86×10~4个/L)4.5 m(14.15×10~4个/L)底泥上0.5 m(9.32×10~4个/L);浮游植物生物量为0.682~6.695 mg/L,垂向变化趋势与浮游植物丰度一致。相关分析表明,夏季达里诺尔湖浮游植物丰度与温度、p H值、溶解氧及叶绿素a呈极显著正相关,与盐度相关性不明显。浮游植物群落Shannon-Wiener指数为3.330~4.452,Pielou指数为0.799~0.912,结合浮游植物丰度、优势种及多样性指数分析结果,达里诺尔湖属于绿藻-蓝藻-硅藻型,且水体处于寡污染水平。

关 键 词:达里诺尔湖  浮游植物  群落结构  环境因子
收稿时间:2015/12/22 0:00:00
修稿时间:6/7/2016 12:00:00 AM

Characteristics of the Summer Phytoplankton Community Structure in Dalinor Lake
XU Qiong,JIA Ke-li,LI Wen-bao,WANG Li-ming,ZHAO Sheng-nan,YU Rui-xue and YANG Jiu-hui.Characteristics of the Summer Phytoplankton Community Structure in Dalinor Lake[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2016,37(6):14-22.
Authors:XU Qiong  JIA Ke-li  LI Wen-bao  WANG Li-ming  ZHAO Sheng-nan  YU Rui-xue and YANG Jiu-hui
Institution:Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,National Nature Reserve Ecological Tourism Co,LTD of Ke Shen Ke Teng Dalinuoer
Abstract:This paper investigated the biodiversity and community structures of phytoplankton and their relations with environmental factors in Dali Lake in the summer of 2015. The methods of Pearson correlative analysis ,Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices are used with the observation data. The study identified a total of 77 phytoplankton species (belonging to 39 genera and 5 phyla). Among these species , 29 are members of Chlorophyta , 23 are Cyanophtta , and 23 are Bacillariophyta ,which are accounting for 37.66%, 29.87% , and 29.87% of the total phytoplankton species . The dominant species are Oocystis solitaria , Oocystis lacustris, Chlorella, Microcystis incerta, Aphanocapsa elachista et al . There is significant vertical variations of phytoplankton density in Dali lake. The average density of phytoplankton at the 0.5 m bellow the water surface ( averaging 2.246×105 cell·L-1)> 1.5 m (averaging 2.086×105 cell·L-1)> 4.5 m (averaging 1.415×105 cell·L-1)> above the bottom of 0.5 m (averaging 0.932×105 cell·L-1). The variation tendency of Phytoplankton biomas is consistent with that of the cell density. The phytoplankton Shannon-Wiener index is 3.330 to 4.452 and Pielou index varies from 0.799 to 0.912. Based on the information about the abundance of pyhtoplankton ,the index of dominant species and the index of diversity suggests that Dali Lake has been non-polluted dominating with Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta. It is shown that phytoplankton density is positively correlated in the summer, with water temperature , pH , dissolved oxygen and Chlorophyll a, and it is not significantly correlation with salinity.
Keywords:Dali Lake  phytoplankton  community structure  environmental factors
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