4个缢蛏群体遗传结构的RAPD分析

为从分子水平了解缢蛏的种质资源状况,采用RAPD(randomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA)技术,对福建、浙江临海和象山、辽宁大连4个地理种群滩涂养殖和野生的缢蛏的遗传多样性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)4种群多态位点比例和平均遗传杂合度较高,分别为69 52%、72 38%、55 24%、69 52%和0 1909、0 2067、0 1916、0 1979,表明缢蛏种质资源状况良好;(2)养殖种群与野生种群相比,养殖种群在各遗传参数上都有不同程度的降低,因此加强缢蛏现有资源保护势在必行;(3)UPGMA聚类分析表明:象山种群与庄河种群亲缘关系最近,与临海种群最远。据此推测:每年采集野生苗种和半人工育苗和养成苗种的幼虫漂浮期时间较短等因素是造成上述结果的主要原因所在。

Genetic Variations Among Four Populations of Sinonovacula constricta by Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

The genetic variations of four populations of Sinonovacula constricta collected from Fujian province, Dalian, liaoning province, and Xiangshan and Linhai, Zhejiang province were determined by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technique (RAPD). The results show that there was high level in percentage of polymorphic loci with 69.52%, 72.38%, 55.24%, and 69.52%, respectively, indicating that the resource of Sinonovacula constricta with each heterozygosity of 0.1909, 0.2067, 0.1916 and 0.1979 was in good condition. The lower heterozygosity in the cultivated stocks compared with the wild population at Linhai indicated that environment significantly affected the shellfish culture. UGPMA cluster analysis demonstrated that Xiangshan population was close to Zhuanghe and the far from Linhai population phylogenetically. The reason for that could be the relatively short time of pelagic period and limited dispersion.