杂色鲍健康苗种与患病苗种异养细菌致病毒力因子的比较研究

2002年以来,南方杂色鲍苗出现大规模死亡的问题,严重影响到南方鲍产业的发展。为寻找病因,于2004年自广东深圳下沙鲍鱼场培苗过程中变白掉板的杂色鲍苗以及官湖养殖场健康鲍苗各分离到19株和15株异养细菌,在此基础上研究了它们蛋白酶、淀粉酶、明胶酶、磷脂酶的产酶能力及溶血现象,并对它们的产酶能力及溶血能力进行了比较分析。结果表明,虽然来自下沙病鲍苗的菌株比来自官湖的健康鲍苗的溶血能力差;但它们大多数具有较强的分泌蛋白酶、明胶酶、淀粉酶、磷脂酶的能力。考虑到胞外酶是细菌的毒力因子之一,据此推测,下沙鲍鱼场鲍苗发生脱板死亡的原因可能与这些菌株能分泌胞外酶有关。

Pathogenic Comparisons of Strains Isolated from Both Healthy and Diseased Postlarvae of Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

Since the second half of year 2002,massive mortalities of abalone(Haliotis diversicolor supertesta) postlarvae had occurred in the south coast of China.Nineteen strains of bacteria were isolated from diseased postlarvae from Xiasha Abalone Farm and 15 strains from healthy postlarvae from Guanhu Abalone Farm in Shenzhun,Guangdong province to find out the possible pathogens.Their abilities to produce extra-cellular protease,gelatinase,phospholipase,amylase as well as ability to break down goat blood cells were investigated.The results showed that the Xiasha strains had weaker ability to break down goat blood cells than the Guanghu strains did,although the Xiasha strains had higher abilities to produce extra cellular enzymes than the Guanghu strains did.Considering that extra-cellular enzymes are pathogenic factors of virulent bacteria,it is therefore reasonable to expect that mass death of postlarvae in Xiasha Abalone Farm be involved in the strong abilities to produce extra-cellular enzymes of bacterial strains.