鱼食性与肠道菌群关系的初步研究

对淡水养殖池中的乌鳢、鲢鱼、鳊鱼、鲫鱼不同食性鱼的后肠菌群进行了定性、定量分析,结果表明:四种鱼的后肠壁和后肠内容物都是厌氧菌总数远大于好氧菌总数;后肠内容物菌数远大于后肠壁菌数;不同的鱼,后肠壁的好氧菌总数差别很大,而厌氧菌总数差别不大;后肠内容物中的厌氧菌总数和好氧菌总数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼;而后肠壁细菌含量与食物没有明显的关系;后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数为:乌鳢>鲫鱼>鲢鱼>鳊鱼。表明后肠内容物中的细菌总数、后肠内容物和后肠壁中的双歧杆菌数都与食性相关。大肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳酸菌在后肠的分布没有规律,说明它们与食物相关性不强。

Study on the Relation between Eating Patterns of Fishes and Intestinal Microflora

Qualitative and quantitative investigation was carried out on microflora in the hind-guts from four species of fishes (silver carp Hypophthamichthys molitrix, crucian carp Carassius auratus,bluntnose black bream Megalobrama terminalisi, Ophiocephalus argus) with different feeding habits in fresh water ponds. It was found that there was more obligate anaerobic microflora than the obligate aerobic ones in the hind-gut walls and cavities in all fishes; the total bacteria number was much higher in the hind-gut cavities than that in the hind-gut walls. The anaerobic bacterium number in the hind-gut wall of different fishes ranged in an descendant order as Ophiocephalus argus>crucian carp>silver carp>bluntnose black bream.The quantitative difference was much wider in the total obligate aerobic than that in obligate anaerobic in the hind-gut wall.The number of Bifidobact in the hind-gut walls and cavities gradually increased with the devolopment from herbivorous fishes to carnivorous ones.