江豚的形态特征和亚种划分问题

本文通过对各海域江豚主要形态特征性状差异显著比较,讨论了江豚亚种划分问题。作者认为江豚包含3个亚种:南海种群与印度,巴基斯坦种群同属指名亚种Neophocaena phocaenoides phocaenoides,东海一长江种群属杨子亚种N.p.asiaeorientalis,黄渤海种群与日本种群均属北方亚种N.p.sunameri。

THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND THE PROBLEM OF SUBSPECIES IDENTIFICATIONS OF THE FINLESS PORPOISE

The paper deals with the morphological characters and subspecics identificationof the finless porpoise. Pilleri and Gihr (1972) have given the finless porpoise alongChina coast and Changjiang River another name Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, in 1975the same authors identified a third taxon from Japan, Neophocaena sunameri, thus genus Neophocaena is to be divided into three independent species. In recent years,the author have carried out further investigation and study, confirmed that there areno significant differences in the relative body and skull measurements between spec-imens of the South China Sea and those from the Pakistani, and no significant diffe-rences between the specimens of the East China Sea and those from ChangjiangRiver, but rather significant differences between the specimens of the Yellow Sea,Bohai Sea and the South China Sea; also significant difference in the extant ofdenticulated area of the dorsal skin and shape of the rostrum between the specimensof the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea and those from the South China Sea, but no significantdifference from the specimens of Japan. According to the 75% rule of subspeciesidentifications there is speciations of subspecies among the above-mentioned popula-tions by means of coefficient of difference, the author consider that there are threesubspecies of Neophocaena. They are: (1) Neophocaena phocaenoides phocaenoides,(2)N, p. asiaeorientalis, (3) N.p. sunameri.