西大亚湾海域鱼类群落的多样性研究

2004年10月—2005年9月在广东大亚湾西部海域(114°30′~114°39′E、22°31′~22°39′N)逐月进行的鱼类资源底拖网调查资料,对该海域鱼类群落多样性现状进行了初步分析。周年调查中共捕获鱼类98种,隶属于11目,41科,72属。优势种类以黄斑篮子鱼、中颌稜鳀、条鲾等经济价值不高及体型较小的种类为主,带鱼、平鲷等传统经济鱼类所占的比例有所下降,个体小型化严重。夏秋季调查航次的种类数量及渔获生物量高于冬春季,个别调查站位种类数及生物量受周围生态环境影响较大。通过分析发现西大亚湾海域鱼类群落多样性指数较低,为0.0883~2.5660;同时因受多方面因素的影响,各调查月份间的多样性指数有差异,休渔期过后的7月最高,冬季2月较低。

Fish Community Diversity in the Western Daya Bay Waters

The diversity of fish community was analyzed by sampling by bottom trawl in the west waters in Daya Bay from October of 2004 to September of 2005.There were 98 fish species belonging to 72 genera in 41 families of 11 orders.The dominant species were found to be of less commercial and smaller in size,such as yellow spotted spinefoot Siganus oramin,mustached anchovy Thrissa mustax and offshore ponyfish Leiognathus rivulatus.But the proportion of traditional commercial value species including cutlashfish Trichiurus haumela and stumpnose bream Rhabdosargus sarba was decreased,and the miniaturization was observed in individual size.The number of species and the biomass of fishes varied with seasons.There was more species in summer and autumn than that in winter and spring.The diversity indices of fish community ranged from 0.0883 to 2.5560 in the west Daya Bay,varying from month to month due to various factors.The maximum diversity index occurred in July while the minimal was found in February.