温度对海带幼孢子体后期的叶长、叶宽的影响

2014年—2016年,当海带养殖区水温降至19℃时,将海带"奔牛"品系的幼苗移植到荣成养鱼池湾海域,采用垂挂式养殖方式暂养,定期调整水层和摆洗幼苗,采用挂袋施肥的方式施加硫酸铵和硝酸铵的混合肥。约11月中旬,在海带苗种长至12~15 cm时开始分苗,此后在Ⅰ类海带养殖区,按照大单架平养的养殖方式进行正常养殖。自1月中旬起,每隔半个月对其叶长、叶宽进行测量,计算绝对生长速率,同时记录养殖海区的水温和透明度。连续3年的养殖试验结果显示,透明度最低值出现在水温约6℃,但在同样温度下,透明度不同。海带叶长最大时水温为11~14℃,叶宽最大时水温为13~15℃,比海带叶长最大的温度高1~2℃,海带叶宽生长速率最大时水温为6.5~8.0℃。海带叶长和叶宽基本呈正相关关系。海带由薄嫩期到收获期期间,叶长、叶宽比值为5.4~9.0,在收获期的比值则为6.8~8.7,但相同比值出现的温度不同。

Influences of Temperature on Blade Length and Width of Kelp Saccharina japonica from Juvenile Sporophyte Stage

From 2014 to 2016,we chose"Benniu"strain of kelp Saccharina japonica as the research object.When the water temperature in S.japonica culture area was decreased to 19℃,the seedings were transferred in the sea of Yangyuchi bay in Rongcheng,temporarily cultured by the hanging method,regularly adjusted the cultured water layer and regularly swung.The mixed fertilizer of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate was applied to improve the quality of seedlings by hanging fertilization bag method.In mid-November,when the seedlings had blade length of 12—15 cm,the seedlings were dispersed and cultured in the best culture area by flat culture method.From mid-January of the following year,almost every half-month,the blade length and width of the kelp and the temperature and transparency of sea-water were measured.The aquaculture test showed that the lowest value of transparency appeared at water temperature of about 6℃,but the transparency value was not the same even at the same water temperature.The maximum value of blade length was found at 11—14℃,while the maximum value of width was observed at 13—15℃,1—2℃higher than the temperature of the maximum value of length,and the maximum absolute growth rate(AGR)of width at 6.5—8.0℃.There was a positive correlation between blade length and width in the vast majority of cases.The ratio value of blade length to width was 5.4—9.0 from mushroom stage to harvest stage,and the ratio value during the harvest stage was 6.8—8.7,but the same ratio value appeared at different water temperature.The findings will provide some references for kelp culture and main seaweed selection.