黄河鲤肾脏的显微和亚显微结构观察

应用常规解剖学和组织学方法在光镜和电镜下观察成体黄河鲤肾脏的显微和亚显微结构。试验结果显示,黄河鲤的肾脏包括头肾和中肾两部分。头肾实质中没有肾单位,主要由造血组织和淋巴组织构成,可观察到黑色素巨噬细胞中心和甲状腺滤泡;中肾实质中包含有肾小体、肾小管和拟淋巴组织,肾小体由鲍曼氏囊和与其相接触的血管球组成。肾小管由颈段、第一近曲小管、第二近曲小管、间段、远曲小管和集合管组成;拟淋巴组织包括血管、淋巴细胞、血细胞、粒细胞、黑色素巨噬细胞和甲状腺滤泡。结构观察显示,黄河鲤头肾已退化为具有造血功能的免疫器官,中肾为主要的泌尿器官,黄河鲤在硬骨鱼的进化中处于中等地位。

Observation of Microscopic and Submicroscopic Structures of Kidney in Yellow River Common Carp Cyprinus carpio

Anatomy and histology of the kidney of Yellow River common carp Cyprinus carpio were studied by light and electron microscopy. The results showed that the Yellow River common carp had kidney including head kidney, which was primarily composed of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue without nephron in the renal parenchyma, and mesonephros, in which there were renal corpuscle, renal tubules and lymphoid tissue. Melanin macrophages and thyroid follicles were observed in the kidney, and the renal corpuscle was composed of Bowman′s capsule and capillary network;the renal tubules were composed of the neck, the first and second proximal convoluted tubules, intermediate, distal tubules and collecting tubes. The lymphoid tissue were consisted of blood vessels, lymphatic cells, red blood cells, granulocytes and melanin macrophages, and thyroid follicles. The findings indicated that head kidney was degraded to immune organs combined with hematopoietic function, and that the mesonephros was the main urinary organs, Yellow River carp being in the middle position in the evolution of bony fish.