湖北地区温棚养殖与稻田养殖克氏原螯虾生长特性研究

2018年12月—2019年3月间,定期从温棚养殖和稻田养殖的克氏原螯虾中采集599尾样本,测量克氏原螯虾的体质量(y)、全长(x1)、头胸甲长(x2)、头胸甲宽(x3)、腹节总长(x4)、第一腹节长(x5)、第一腹节宽(x6)、尾节长(x7)、第六腹节长(x8)、第六腹节宽(x9)和螯长(x10),探明温棚养殖幼虾与稻田养殖幼虾以及温棚养殖雌雄幼虾的生长特性,以期为克氏原螯虾温棚养殖及单性养殖提供参考。试验结果表明,克氏原螯虾全长(L)和体质量(m)呈幂函数,回归方程为:m=0.0209L3.1132;温棚养殖和稻田养殖克氏原螯虾幼虾均在2—3月生长最快,1月生长最慢;克氏原螯虾幼虾各时期各生长指标温棚养殖幼虾均大于稻田养殖幼虾,至3月,温棚养殖的克氏原螯虾体质量接近稻田养殖的2倍;在温度较低的12月—翌年2月期间,温棚养殖的克氏原螯虾幼虾的平均体质量增加率比稻田养殖的克氏原螯虾幼虾的平均体质量增加率高14.00%,温棚养殖的克氏原螯虾幼虾全长平均增长率比稻田养殖的高3.96%。温棚养殖的各时期雄虾体质量均略高于雌虾,但差异不显著(P>0.05);在所有生长指标中,只有雄性克氏原螯虾螯长一直大于雌性,且自12月后,雌、雄虾螯长间一直存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。

Growth Characteristics of Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii in Greenhouses and Rice Fields in Hubei Area

The growth characteristics of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii were studied in a greenhouse and a rice field,and the growth differences between male and female crayfish were compared in 599 samples collected from December 2018 to March 2019 in the greenhouse and in rice field by morphometrical measurement including body weight(y),total length(x1),carapace length(x2),carapace width(x3),total abdomen segment length(x4),first abdominal segment length(x5),first abdominal segment width(x6),caudal segment length(x7),sixth abdominal segment length(x8),sixth segment abdominal width(x9)and cheliped length(x10)to provide a theoretical basis for culture of the crayfish and the monoculture.The results showed that the total length and body weight were expressed as a power function regression as m=0.0209L3.1132 in greenhouses and rice fields.The best growth was observed in red swamp crayfish in greenhouse and rice fields from February to March,with the poorest growth in January.There was higher growth index in greenhouse than that in rice field during all periods,higher as twice body weight in greenhouse as that in rice field by March.During the lower temperature period from December to February,the average body weight increase rate of red swamp crayfish in greenhouse was 14.00%higher than that in rice field,with 3.96%higher in total length rate.The male red swamp crayfish had slightly higher body weight in the greenhouse than the female did in each period,without significant difference(P>0.05).Among all the growth indicators,male was always larger than female in only cheliped length,and there was significant difference between male and female after December 2018(P<0.01).