铜和镉对草鱼肾脏中3种白细胞介素基因表达的影响

为探讨水体铜(Cu)和镉(Cd)污染对草鱼免疫系统的影响,本研究利用实时荧光定量PCR(QRT-PCR)技术,分析在不同时间(2、4、6、8 d)及不同质量浓度的Cu²⁺(0.10、0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80 mg/L)和Cd²⁺(0.05、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.40 mg/L)暴露下,草鱼肾脏中3种白细胞介素——白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-10基因表达量的变化。试验结果显示,高质量浓度和长时间的Cu²⁺暴露(0.60、0.80 mg/L, 8 d)和Cd²⁺暴露(0.20、0.30、0.40 mg/L, 8 d)下,草鱼肾脏中的白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-10基因表达量与对照组相比显著增加(P<0.05);在0.80 mg/L Cu²⁺,0.30、0.40 mg/L Cd²⁺暴露下的草鱼肾脏中白细胞介素-1β的基因表达量,以及在0.60、0.80 mg/L Cu²⁺暴露下的草鱼肾脏中白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-10的基因表达量,均随着暴露时间的增加而逐渐升高,且第8 d时的基因表达量均显著高于第2 d时(P<0.05)。本研究揭示了高质量浓度和长时间的Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺暴露会使草鱼肾脏产生炎症反应,为进一步深入研究重金属对鱼类的免疫毒性机制奠定了基础。

Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Expression of Three Interleukin Genes in Kidney of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus

In this study,quantitative Real-time fluorescence PCR was applied to detect expressions of three interleukins (interleukin-1β,interleukin-8 and interleukin-10) genes in kidney of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus exposed to different concentrations of Cu 2+(0.10,0.20,0.40,0.60 and 0.80 mg/L) or Cd^2+(0.05,0.10,0.20,0.30 and 0.40 mg/L) for 2,4,6 and 8 days,respectively,in order to investigate the effect of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) pollutions in water on the immune system of grass carp. The results showed that there was significantly increase in expressions of interleukin-1β,interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 genes in kidney of grass carp exposed to high concentrations of Cu^2+(0.60 and 0.80 mg/L) and Cd^2+(0.20,0.30 and 0.40 mg/L) long periods (8 days) compared with the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The expression level of interleukin-1β gene in grass carp exposed to 0.80 mg/L Cu^2+ or 0.30 and 0.40 mg/L Cd^2+,and interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 genes in grass carp exposed to 0.60 and 0.80 mg/L Cu^2+ were all shown to be increased with prolonged exposure time,significantly higher on day 8 than those on day 2 ( P <0.05). The findings indicated that high concentrations of Cu^2+ and Cd^2+ exposure for long period induced inflammation in kidney of grass carp,which provide the foundation for further research on mechanism of immune toxicity of heavy metals to fish.