中草药对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长及免疫力的影响

将体质量为0.3～0.5 g的蜕壳间期中华绒螯蟹幼蟹饲养在室内循环水系统28 cm×21 cm×17.5 cm独立塑料盒中,盒子底部放置瓦片作为隐蔽物,投喂每千克基础饲料中添加0、1.0、2.0 g由甘草、人参、绞股蓝、银杏叶配伍的复方中草药的饲料,研究复方中草药对幼蟹成活、生长、抗氧化及免疫力的影响。试验结果显示,饲料中添加复方中草药对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹成活率无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著提高了其质量增加率和特定生长率,缩短了蜕皮间隔(P<0.05)。饲料中添加复方中草药显著提高了雄体血清中的酸性磷酸酶活性以及肝胰腺中总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,显著降低了肝胰腺中丙二醛的含量(P<0.05);饲料中添加中草药显著提高了雌体血清中酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶及肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶的活力。综上,饲料中添加复方中草药显著提高了幼蟹的生长性能、抗氧化及免疫能力,幼蟹饲料中复方中草药的适宜添加水平约为1.0 g/kg。

Effects of Chinese Herbal Compounds on Growth Performance and Immune Capacities of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis

Interval molting juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were reared in a water recirculating system consisting of a series of tanks of each (28 cm× 21 cm× 17.5 cm) in which a tile as a shelter is placed at the bottom and fed diets containing Chinese herbal compounds comprising of licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis ,ginseng Panax ginseng , Gynostemma pentaphyllum ,and Ginkgo biloba at a dose of 0, 1.0 g/kg and 2 g/kg in order to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal compounds on growth performance,antioxidant and immune capacities of the juveniles. The results showed that there were significantly higher weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR),and shorter molting interphase in the crab fed the diets containing Chinese herbal compounds than the crab in the control group,even though without significant difference in survival ( P <0.05). Chinese herbal compounds were shown to lead to improve the non-specific immune indices of male juveniles including activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) in hemolymph,and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP),and to reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in hepatopancreas. In female juveniles,however,the Chinese herbal compounds led to enhance the activities of ACP and ALP in hemolymph as well as SOD activity in hepatopancreas. The findings indicated that the Chinese herbal compounds significantly elevated the growth performance,antioxidant and immune capacities of juvenile crab,with the optimal addition level of 1.0 g/kg diet.