闽东渔场鱼类资源生态容量和最大可持续开发量

以海洋生态系统营养动力学为理论依据,根据历次调查所获得的闽东渔场初级生产力资料,通过对该渔场浮游植物有机碳含量和生态效率的测算、52种主要鱼类营养级及其有机碳含量的检测,采用营养动态模型和Cushing模型估算鱼类资源生态容量(自然生产量),采用Cadima模式和MSY简单模式估算鱼类资源最大可持续开发量。估算结果:闽东渔场鱼类资源生态容量平均为6.308×10~5t,最大可持续开发量为3.268×10~5t。1994年以来闽东渔场实际年渔获量3.435～4.685×10~5t,平均4.267×10~5t,已连续9年超过鱼类资源最大可持续开发量,呈现过度捕捞态势。必须实行渔获量负增长制度才能使鱼类资源得到有效恢复。

The ecological carrying capacity of fish resources and maximum sustainable expoitation on the fishing grounds of East Fujian

Based on the trophodynamics in marine ecological system and the primary productivity data from the fishing grounds of east Fujian during the marine investigation in Taiwan Strait, the concentration of organic carbon of phytoplankton and 52 species of main economic fishes were determined, and the nutritive level of the fishes and ecological efficiency in the fishing ground were calculated. The ecological carrying capacity of fish resources was 630800 tons using Cushing model and dynamics model. The MSY(maxinum sustainable yield) was estimated to be 326800 tons by using MSY and Gulland model. From 1994 to 2002, the average yield was 426700 tons, which exceeded the MSY of fishery resources. The fishery has shown an overfishing and a negative increase of catches should be carried out in order to efficient recovery the fish resources.