东海南部海域虾类种类组成及数量分布特点

根据2008年5月(春)、8月(夏)、11月(秋)和2009年2月(冬)在东海南部海域(26°00′~28°00′N、120°00′~125°30′E)的虾类资源调查资料,结合1998~1999年调查资料,研究分析了该海域虾类的种类组成、地理和区系分布及其数量分布变化的特点。结果表明,该渔场类虾有44种,隶属14科、25属,以热带和亚热带暖水性种为主,属印度-西太平洋区系中的中-日亚区,与南海关系最为密切,而与黄、渤海关系较为疏远。虾类分布遍及整个调查海区,但时空分布差异明显,以调查海区东南部和沿27°45′N一带海域数量较多,渔获量平均密度指数以春、夏季较高,冬季最低;同时虾类数量分布与水深有较大的关系,以水深80~100 m海域数量最多,这与主要种类长角赤虾、假长缝拟对虾的分布海域明显相关;具有开发利用价值的经济种类有10来种,在渔业产量中占主导地位的为长角赤虾、假长缝拟对虾等。

Species composition and quantitative distribution of shrimps in the southern part of East China Sea

Based on data of shrimp resources of four seasonal months in 2008-2009 and 1998-1999 in the southern part of East China Sea(26°00'-28°00'N,120°00'-125°30'E),the characteristics of species composition, geographical and faunal distribution, and changes of quantitative distribution of shrimps were analyzed. The results showed that: there were 14 families,25 genera,44 species in this fishing ground, and the shrimps were dominated by tropical and subtropical warm-water species, belonging to sino-japan subregion of Indian-west Pacific Ocean fauna, closely related to South China Sea, and estranged with the Yellow sea and Bohai sea. The temporal-spatial distribution of shrimps had obvious differences, meaning that resource density index of shrimps in southeast and along 27°45'N sea areas were higher in spring and summer, lowest in winnter. Meanwhile, shrimp quantitative distribution was closely related to water depth: the largest quantity existed in 80-100 m deep areas, obvisouly related to distribution waters of Metapenaeopsis longirostris and Parapenaeu fissures. About 10 species of shrimps had economical value of development and utilization, with Metapenaeopsis longirostris and Parapenaeu fissures playing a dominant role in fisheries yeild.