阿根廷专属经济区内鱿钓渔场时空分布年间差异比较

阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)是西南大西洋重要的经济性头足类,其中分布在阿根廷专属经济区的渔场是极为重要的作业海区,掌握其渔场时空分布有助于合理利用该资源。根据2008～2011年中国鱿钓船在阿根廷专属经济区内的生产统计资料,利用空间距离分析和聚类分析,对渔场时空分布及其年间差异进行了研究。结果表明,阿根廷专属经济区内2008年的产量明显高于其它三年,2008年渔场主要分布于46°S以南,与其它三年也有所差异。产量重心在各年的2月份差异最小,3月份显示出较大的差异。计算欧式距离表明,2008年和2010年产量重心空间距离最小,2010年和2011年空间距离最大。聚类分析表明,2008年与2010年归为一类,2009年和2011年为一类。对不同月份进行聚类分析发现,不同年份2月均在一类中,空间差异较小,其它月份并没有呈现出明显的规律性变化,同一年相邻月份渔场变化不明显。研究认为,阿根廷滑柔鱼年间渔场分布变化很大,今后应该结合各项生物学指标和海洋环境因子进行全面的分析。

Annual comparison of temporal and spatial distribution of fishing ground of Illex argentinus in the waters of exclusive economic zone of Argentina

Short-fined squid,Illex argentinus,is an important economic cephalopod.To better understand the spatial and temporal variation in distribution of this squid is helpful in rational utilization of the resource.The fishing ground in the EEZ of Argentina is an important habitat for I.argentinus.Based on the production data from Chinese squid jigging vessels in the waters of exclusive economic zone of Argentina from 2008 to 2011,the spatial and temporal distribution of fishing ground in four years were analyzed by spatial distance and aggregative analysis.The results showed that the production of 2008 in the waters of exclusive economic zone of Argentina was dramatically higher than that of the other three years,and the production of fishing ground distributed southward to 46°S was also different from other years.The difference of gravity was lowest in February and highest in March every year.Spatial distance was smallest between 2008 and 2010,biggest between 2009 and 2011 by calculating the Euclidean distance.Aggregative analysis showed that 2008 and 2010 belonged to the same group,2009 and 2011 belonged to another group.The monthly analysis presented that February in different years had no significant difference every year and also showed no difference among adjacent months in the same year,the other months demonstrated unconspicuous regular change.It is suggested that we should combine biological characters and ocean environment factors to comprehensively analyze the tremendous annual changes of fishing ground.