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福建东山湾游泳动物群落物种组成及其多样性
引用本文:张静,陈永俊,宋普庆,钟指挥,林龙山.福建东山湾游泳动物群落物种组成及其多样性[J].海洋渔业,2013,35(1):15-23.
作者姓名:张静  陈永俊  宋普庆  钟指挥  林龙山
作者单位:1. 集美大学水产学院,福建厦门,361012
2. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门,361005
基金项目:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目,国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目
摘    要:根据2008年8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)和2009年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)在东山湾开展4个航次的游泳动物调查资料,研究分析了东山湾游泳动物种类组成、优势种、区系组成、相对资源密度和物种多样性等。结果表明:调查区域共鉴定游泳动物166种,分隶于21目73科116属,其中鱼类种类最多,有115种,蟹类次之,24种,再次虾类16种,头足类8种,其它类3种;鱼类适温性以热带和亚热带暖水性种为主;渔获物优势种(IRI>100)有哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)、中颌棱鳀(Thryssa mystax)、日本单鳍电鳐(Narkejaponica)等9种,均为经济种,但其资源结构均以经济幼鱼及中小型种类为主,平均体重仅33.4 g·ind-1,渔业资源总体价值不高;全年平均重量相对资源密度指数为342.11 kg·km-2,平均尾数相对资源密度指数11 315.00 ind.km-2,低于东海大陆架、南海北部大陆架海域的资源密度水平,也低于同属于海湾类型的海州湾和泉州湾资源密度水平;全年种类多样性指数H'为1.65,种类均匀度指数J'为0.69,种类丰富度指数D为3.13,多样性指数处于较低水平。因此,建议加强海洋生物资源保护、注意水质污染控制和生态环境保护。

关 键 词:游泳动物  群落特征  多样性  东山湾  相对资源密度

Nekton composition and diversity of Dongshan Bay, Fujian
ZHANG Jing , CHEN Yong-jun , SONG Pu-qing , ZHONG Zhi-hui , LIN Long-shan.Nekton composition and diversity of Dongshan Bay, Fujian[J].Marine Fisheries,2013,35(1):15-23.
Authors:ZHANG Jing  CHEN Yong-jun  SONG Pu-qing  ZHONG Zhi-hui  LIN Long-shan
Institution:1.Fisheries College of Jimei University,Xiamen 361012,China; 2.Third Institute of Oceanography,SOA,Xiamen 361005,China)
Abstract:Based on the nekton data in the surveys of Dongshan Bay in four seasons(August,2008;November,2008;February,2009 and May,2009),the nekton composition,dominant species,fish faunal,relative resource density and diversity were studied.We recorded 166 nektonic species,including 115 fishes,24 crabs,16 decapods,8 cephalopods and 3 other kinds,belonging to 21 orders,73 families and 116 genera,all of which were mainly warm water species.The dominant species were Parapenaeopsis hardwickii,Thryssa mystax,Narke japonica,and all were economic species.But the overall value of nekton resource was not high.With an average weight of 33.4 g·ind-1,the resource structure was mainly composed of juveniles,small or medium-sized species.The annual average weight and individual of relative resource density were 342.11 kg·km-2 and 11 315.00 ind·km-2,which were both lower than the level of East China Sea continental shelf and Northern South China Sea continental shelf,also lower than the index of Haizhou Bay and Quanzhou Gulf.With an annual Shannon-wiener diversity index(H′) 1.65,species evenness index(J′) 0.69,species richness index(D) 3.13,the diversity index was at a low level.So it's necessary for us to strengthen marine resource protection,and pay attention to water pollution and environment protection.
Keywords:nekton  community features  diversity  Dongshan Bay  relative resource density
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