关于淞江鲈学名和模式产地以及地理分布之探讨

淞江鲈学名Trachidermus fasciatusHeckel,1840,我国鱼类学文献沿用至今,属名有误,因其阴性Trachiderma早已为其它动物先据而失效。订正后的属名Trachiderm is是有效名称,淞江鲈的学名应写作Trachiderm is fasciatusHeckel,1840。模式产地菲律宾记录有问题,自1840年迄今,菲律宾未见再有该鱼之报道,淞江鲈个体发育水温不宜超过14℃,否则导致胚体畸形和死亡,菲律宾地处热带,气温年平均26.6℃左右,淞江鲈不可能得以繁衍。该鱼为西北太平洋所特有,仅分布于中国、朝鲜半岛和日本南部,我国分布于黄渤海和东海沿岸以及沿岸诸河下游及河口。

Notes on the scientific name, type-locality and geographical distribution of roughskin sculpin (Trachidermis fasciatus Heckel, 1840)

Trachidermus fasciatus nominated by Heckel in 1840 for roughskin sculpin has been adopted up to now in Chinese ichthyological literatures.The genus name Trachidermus originated from Trachiderm is inadmissible owing to its feminine form Trachiderma preoccupied.The correct scientific name is Trachidermis fasciatus Heckel.The type specimen has been said to be collected from the Philippines but there has been no any material collected from that country since 1840.It has been detected that the water temperature should be never over 14℃ in the ontogenetic procedures of the fish,if not,the deformity and mortality of the embryo will be very high.The Philippines is located in the tropics, without such suitable habitats for their breeding.Trachidermis fasciatus Heckel is none in the Philippines,endemic to the Northwestern Pacific and distributed only in the South of Japan,Korean peninsular and along the coast of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea of China mainland.