洋山深水港海域大型底栖动物初步研究

2003~2005年每年2月、5月和8月按《海洋监测规范》中大型底栖动物调查方法,分别对洋山深水港一期工程施工海域(30°30′~30°54′N、121°45′~122°30′E)20个取样点进行了大型底栖动物调查。根据调查结果,分析与讨论该海域底栖动物的种类组成、生物量、栖息密度和群落多样性的分布与变化。监测结果显示:一期工程施工期,底栖动物的种类数逐年减少,2003~2005年种类数分别为21种、17种和16种;底栖动物栖息密度逐年下降,2003年(31.10 ind/m2)>2004年(12.50 ind/m2)>2005年(11.00 ind/m2);底栖动物平均总生物量总体表现为逐年降低,2003年(4.26 g/m2)>2005年(2.18 g/m2)>2004年(0.62 g/m2),2004年生物量下降尤为显著,2005年生物量略有回升;生物多样性指数也逐年降低,2003~2005年分别为0.81、0.36和0.16。三年监测结果表明,洋山深水港一期工程海域施工期底栖动物种类数、总生物量、栖息密度以及多样性指数总体呈逐年下降趋势,群落结构趋于简单化,说明工程海域施工期对大型底栖动物产生了一定程度的影响。

Preliminary study on macrobenthos in waters around Yangshan Deepwater Port

The benthic survey was carried out in waters around the area of the First Phase Project of Yangshan Deepwater Port(30°30′～30°54′N、121°45′～122°30′E)during the months of February,May and August in winter,spring and summer respectively from 2003 to 2005.According to the macrobenthos survey method setted in the Specification for Marine Monitoring,the macrobenthic species composition,biomass,inhabit density,community diversity and structure changes were discussed based on the results of investigation.The results showed that the benthic species numbers in 2003,2004 and 2005 were 21,17 and 16,the biomass were 4.26 g/m2,0.62 g/m2 and 2.18 g/m2,the average inhabit densities were 31.10 ind/m2,12.50 ind/m2 and 11.00 ind/m2,the community diversity indices were 0.81,0.36 and 0.16 respectively.The results also indicated that benthic species numbers,biomass,inhabit densities and diversity indexes have all been reducing year by year and it was affected by the construction of Yangshan Deepwater Port.