东海三疣梭子蟹成熟群体生殖特征和条件状况

为了探求东海三疣梭子蟹成熟群体的发育生殖机制,采用生态学、资源生物学等相关研究方法,通过对三疣梭子蟹性腺、肝胰腺及条件指数等指标的研究,初步建立起雄性三疣梭子蟹成熟阶段发育分期的特征变化,反映了目前东海三疣梭子蟹成熟群体的生殖特征和条件状况。三疣梭子蟹生殖群体由1龄蟹为主,规格偏小。头胸甲宽主要分布在100~160 mm之间,体重为50~200 g。头胸甲宽与长呈线性相关,而头胸甲宽、长与体重则呈幂函数关系。成熟阶段输精管发育程度和头胸甲宽正显著相关。根据三疣梭子蟹输精管的粗糙程度、管径及管重大小,本文首次提出把处于成熟阶段的雄蟹分为5个阶段。输精管重增长为幂函数方式,输精管指数则随发育线性增长。雌蟹卵巢发育规律和头胸甲宽之间关系不甚明显,而和季节相关。研究表明,9月份三疣梭子蟹交配后卵巢迅速发育,增长明显,10~12月份生殖群体卵巢普遍处于Ⅱ~Ⅳ期。三疣梭子蟹肝胰腺重量随体重和甲壳的增长而增加,而肝体指数相反。雌蟹卵巢Ⅱ期阶段梭子蟹肝胰腺重量最高,平均重量为18.21±5.68 g,随后逐渐降低,说明肝胰腺能量发生了转移;相比于雄蟹,雌蟹储能更多。雌蟹卵巢重量随肝胰腺重量变化呈对数关系增长,而雄蟹输精管重随肝胰腺重呈线性。三疣梭子蟹生殖群体在发育变化过程中两个条件指数基本处于一个平衡阶段,雌雄间差异变化不大。

Reproductive characteristics and condition status of adult swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus (Brachyura: Portunidae) in East China Sea

To detect the reproductive mechanism of the stock of maturing swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in East China Sea,methods of ecology and resource biology were used to do research on the change of gonad,heaptopancreas and other related condition factors.In this process,we preliminarily established regulations that could distinguish the adult male crab by examing the vas deferens thus reflected reproductive conditions of the stock.The reproductive stock mainly consists of comparatively small one-year gen...