大青鲨渔业生物学研究进展

大青鲨(Prionace glauca)广泛分布于南、北温带和热带的三大洋区,是延绳钓渔业和刺网渔业的主要兼捕对象,对维持海洋生态系统的稳定性和多样性起着重要的作用。随着捕捞强度的加大,大青鲨的资源出现衰退的现象。但由于基础数据的不确定性,大青鲨资源评估的结果并未能得到很好的应用。本文以文献计量统计分析为基础,对大青鲨渔业生物学的研究历程进行阐述,了解了不同时期大青鲨渔业生物学的研究重点。综合诸多文献资料,对大青鲨的年龄与生长、基础繁殖生物学、种群结构的鉴定、资源丰度指数和资源评估等方面的研究方法进行综述和分析。最后根据上述的综合和分析结果,提出了今后相关研究的注意事项以及相关的方法,以进一步提高大青鲨的资源评估的可信度,提高对大青鲨资源现状的了解,以期为大青鲨的资源养护提供科学依据。

Research progress of blue shark Prionace glauca fishery biology

Blue shark (Prionace glauca)is widely distributed in the south and north tropical and temperate waters around the world and commonly caught by longline fisheries and gill-net fisheries.Although it is relatively productive,there is global concern about the impact of depletion and possible loss of apex predator fishes in marine ecosystems.In addition,it is of particular relevance in relation to sharks as their biological characteristics make them particularly vulnerable to over-exploitation.So the Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs)started to assess the status of blue shark in three oceans.As the fishing intensity increases blue shark resource has been declining.The stock assessment of blue shark could not be recognized by public due to its uncertainty of basic data.Based on document quantitative analysis,this study briefly introduced the fishery biological research history of blue shark,and the focus themes of different periods were acknowledged.Multiplies references on age and growth, reproductive biology, population structure, abundance index and stock assessment were introduced and analyzed.Finally suggestions were put forward for future study to improve the credibility of stock assessment and to improve the understanding of blue shark resources situation,providing a scientific basis for the maintenance of blue shark fisheries.