舟山深水网箱污损生物季节性变化分析

于2006年7月～2007年5月对浙江舟山秀山岛和长峙岛海区深水网箱污损生物进行附着试验，揭示2个海区网箱主要污损生物种类、生物量和附着密度的月变化特征。试验得出污损生物的种类主要有水螅虫（Hydra vulgaris）、海葵（Actina sp．）、麦杆虫（Caprella kroyeri）、钩虾（Gammarus sp．）、藤壶（Balanus sp．）、贻贝（Mytilus edulis）、牡蛎（0sfrea sp．）、孔石莼（Ulva pertusa）、浒苔（Enteromorpha sp．）等及其生物量和附着密度。通过试验结果对比分析，得出了污损生物附着的月变化特征，7—11月份污损生物特别是大型藻类繁殖生长达到最盛期；11月份过后随着气温的降低，孔石莼和太平洋侧花海葵（Anthopleura pacifica）等污损生物生物量开始逐渐减少；次年3～4月份后随着气温的升高，麦杆虫、太平洋侧花海葵、强壮藻钩虾（Ampithoe valita）等污损生物牛物量又逐渐增加。

Seasonal variation analysis of fouling organisms on offshore cages in Zhoushan

From July 2006 to May 2007, seasonal changes of fouling organisms on the cages were examined in the sea areas beside Xiushan Island and Changzhi Island through randomly sampling, identifying and measuring of the samples. The aims were to discover the monthly variation of fouling species, their biomass and density in the two sea areas. The results showed that the fouling organisms were composed of Hydra vulgaris, Actina sp. , Caprella kroyeri, Gammarus sp. , Balanus sp. , Mytilus edulis, Ostrea sp. , Ulva pertusa, and Enteromorpha sp. Their standing crop biomass and attaching density were recorded as well. The monthly variation was characterized that fouling organisms occurred heavily from July to November. After November, the amount of fouling organisms, such as Ulva pertusa, Anthopleura pacifica, reduced greatly with the temperature decreasing. From March of next year, the amount of fouling organisms, such as Caprella kroyeri, Anthopleura pacifica, Ampithoe valita, started to increase gradually with the temperature rising.