三聚体自转运粘附素研究进展

粘附是病原菌感染宿主的第一步,而粘附素在细菌的粘附过程中起着重要的作用,是病原菌一个重要毒力因子。随着对病原菌致病机理研究的不断深入,人们在革兰阴性菌中发现了一类新的粘附素——三聚体自转运粘附素（trimeric autotransporter adhesions,TAAs）。这类粘附素广泛存在于变形菌门,是一类多功能的蛋白,经由细菌的Ⅴ型分泌系统分泌到菌体表面。被分泌到菌体表面的TAAs在大小和氨基序列上存在高度差异,但是它们在结构上却存在惊人的相似,即构成了一个头部-颈部-锚定区这样三聚化的类似于＂棒棒糖＂式的表面结构。文章就其结构、分泌机制和各区域功能进行了描述,以期为进一步的深入研究提供参考。

Review of advances in trimeric autotransporter adhesins

Adhesion of bacteria to cell surfaces is the first step in infection,in which adhesin plays an important role and is a vital virulence factor for pathogens.A new kind of adhesins,trimetric autotransporter adhesins（TAAs） which are derived from Gram-negative bacteria,is found.TAAs are multifunctional proteins widely existing in Proteobacteria,secreted on cell surface by Ⅴ-type bacterial secretion system.TAAs have striking differences in size and amino sequence,but are surprisingly similar in molecular structure;they both have a trimetric surface structure with a head-stalk-anchor architecture which is like a “lollipop”.The review describes the structure,secretion mechanisms and regional functions of TAAs to provide references for further study.