虾夷扇贝家系的建立及不同家系的早期生长研究

采用♂：♀=1：3的交配方法建立了33个虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis全同胞家系，对其壳长、壳高、壳宽和活体重进行了周年观测，对家系间和家系内的生长变异进行了比较分析。结果表明，不同家系间在不同性状上差异极显著。在同批家系中，06S-1、06S-24和06S-25号等家系壳高的生长较快，优势明显；06S-1、06S-25、06S-18和06S-30号等家系活体重的生长速度较快，差异显著；33个家系壳高月增长量大小顺序与活体重月增长量变化规律相近；06S-24、06S-25、06S-30、06S-1和06S-18号家系在各时期各性状上均表现出了明显的生长优势，是生长性状优良的家系，而06S-2和06S-5号家系生长一直最慢，各性状的表现也最差。全同胞家系间生长的差异性，表明家系间差异较显著，遗传变异资源丰富，可为后期的选育提供大量选种材料。

Establishment of families and their early growth of Japanese scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)

Thirty-three full-sib families of the Japanese scallops Patinopecten yessoensis were established using artificial insemination （ 1♂：3♀） in May 2006. The phenotype characters （ shell length, shell height, shell width, wet weight） of scallops were measured at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 months old. The data was analyzed using Excel and SPSS 13.0 software. The results showed that significant differences were found between different characters in different families at different growth stages. Among contemporary families, Nos. 06S-1, 06S-24 and 06S-25 grew fast in shell height, and Nos. 06S-1,06S-25, 06S-18 and 06S-30 fast in body weight. Compared to these families, Nos. 06S-2, 06S-12 and 06S-21 had an obvious disadvantage in shell height, and Nos. 06S-2, 06S-5 and 06S-32 disadvan- tage in body weight. The order of monthly increase of shell height was similar to that in body weight in 33 families. According to the comparison above, Nos. 06S-24, 06S-25, 06S-30, 06S-1 and 06S-18 showed better in growth performance and Nos. 06S-2 and 06S-5 poor in growth traits. Obviously, significant differences in growth traits meant rich genetic resources. This program has provided some animals for further selective breeding in the future.