虾夷扇贝线粒体遗传模式的初步研究

动物线粒体遗传模式主要为母系遗传。近年来在一些双壳类（如贻贝科、蚌科和帘蛤科）中发现了线粒体双重单亲遗传现象。双重单亲遗传完全不同于传统的母系遗传模式，它开启了一种独特的系统来检测进化力在线粒体基因组中的作用。但双重单亲遗传是否广泛存在于双壳类尚属未知。文章研究了虾夷扇贝（Patinopecten yessoensis）的线粒体遗传模式，结果显示，同一个体中体细胞和性腺的线粒体片段的基因型不存在差异；家系检测中也显示子代的线粒体单倍型与母本一致；在虾夷扇贝线粒体中未发现双重单亲遗传现象。

Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in Japanese scallop,Patinopecten yessoensis

For animals, the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） is predominantly maternal. Recently, doubly uniparental inheritance （DUI） of mtDNA in some bivalves （the famihes Mytilidae, Unionidae and Veneridae） has been discovered. The discovery of DUI of mtDNA has challenged the traditional maternal inheritance and established a unique system to test for evolutionary forces acting on mitochondrial genomes. However, whether DUI of mtDNA is widely distributed among bivalves is uncertain. In this paper, the mitoehondrial inheritance model of Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis was investigated. The results suggest that there is no difference in the mtDNA between somatic and gametic tissues in the same individual. The family test shows that mitochondrlal haplotypes of offspring （D-shaped larvae） are the same as those of mothers. No evidence for DUI of mtDNA in P. yessoensis is found.