黄边糙鸟蛤野生群体主要经济性状间的相关性及通径分析

随机选取80只野生黄边糙鸟蛤（Trachycardiumflavum），对其形态性状（壳长、壳高、壳宽）和质量性状（活体质量、软体部质量）5个经济性状进行测量，并应用通径分析和多元回归等方法对数据进行分析。结果表明，5个经济性状间的相关系数均达到极显著水平（P〈0．01）；软体部质量对活体质量的直接影响效果最大（0．7048），壳长、壳高和壳宽对活体质量的影响主要通过软体部质量实现。经多元回归分析，采用逐步回归方法，剔除了偏回归系数不显著的壳高，建立了壳长、壳宽和软体部质量对活体质量的最优回归方程；各形态性状对软体部质量的直接影响最大的性状是壳宽，其直接决定系数为0．4093，壳长对软体部质量的影响是通过壳宽来间接实现，构建了壳长、壳宽对软体部质量的回归方程。该结果可为深入探讨黄边糙鸟蛤的种质资源保护和选择育种提供理论依据。

Correlation and path analysis of main economic traits of wild population of Trachycardium flavum

We analyzed 5 economic traits including 3 morphological traits （ shell length, shell height and shell width） and 2 weight traits （ body weight and edible-part weight） of 80 randomly selected wild Trachycardiumflavum by path analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results show that the phenotype correlation coefficients among the 5 measured traits reach very significant level （P 〈0. 01 ）. Shell length, shell height, shell width and edible-part weight have indirect effects on body weight but through mainly edible-part weight （0. 704 8）. With shell height excluded for its insignificant partial regression coefficient, we obtained the best multiple regres- sion equation between body weight and shell length, shell width and edible-part weight. Among the morphological traits, shell width af- fects edible-part weight most with the direct correlation coefficient of 0. 409 3. Shell length has indirect effect on edible-part weight through mainly shell width. Finally, we established the multiple regression equation between edible-part weight and shell length and shell weight with shell height excluded. The research provides theoretical basis for the germplasm resource protection and selective breeding of T.flavum.