鳜塘底泥修复方法的初步研究

研究了6种不同处理方法对鳜（Siniperca chuatsi）塘底泥理化和生物性质的影响,并探讨了底泥理化因子和生物因子之间的相互关系。试验结果表明：1）池塘底泥经过处理后理化性质有所改变,碱化提高底泥酸碱度（pH）和可交换性钙含量,热熏显著降低底泥水分,提高碳/氮（C/N）;2）干燥、干燥后再破碎、施无机氮肥等手段能显著提高土壤呼吸强度（P〈0.05）,其中干燥后再破碎效果最显著,提高了52.3%;3）土壤理化因子中对土壤呼吸强度的直接影响力（按绝对值大小）排序依次为pH〉C/N〉有机质〉水分〉总氮（TN）〉总磷（TP）,而TN和TP对土壤呼吸的影响是通过其他理化因子间接表现出来的;4）综合评价结果显示,各修复方法中整体效果最好的是干燥后破碎,其次是干燥,碱化效果最差,综合得分分别为0.905、0.895和0.695。试验结果不仅为鳜塘连作障碍的克服提供理论依据,同时也为其他水产动物疾病的预防和健康养殖提供了新的思路。

Preliminary study of restoration methods for sediment of Siniperca chuatsi ponds

We studied the effects of six treatments on sediment of Siniperca chuatsi ponds and its biological properties.The results indicate：1）Physicochemical factors of sediment change after treatment.Alkalization can increase sediment pH and exchangeable calcium content,while firing can decrease sediment moisture content but increase C：N ratio;2）Drying,pulverization after drying and inorganic nitrogen fertilization can significantly increase soil respiration rate（P0.05）.When the sediment is pulverized after being dried,the soil respiration rate increases by 52.3%;3）The order of the effects of physicochemical factors on soil respiration is pHC/Norganic mattermoisture contenttotal nitrogen（TN）total phosphorous（TP）,and TN and TP affect soil respiration via the other physicochemical factors.4）In general,pulverization after drying is the best for sediment restoration（0.905）,then comes drying（0.895）,and the worst is alkalization（0.695）.The study not only provides theoretical references for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle but also offers a new approach to disease prevention and healthy culture of other aquatic animals.