十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼免疫毒性的研究

用5种浓度的十二烷基苯磺酸钠（sodium dodeeyl benzene sulfonic，SDBS）浸泡刺激奥尼罗非鱼（Tilapianilotica♀×raurea♂）8周，每2周采血样1次，测定免疫指标。0．05和0．10mg·L^-1组对奥尼罗非鱼的氯化硝基四氮唑兰（nitro blue tetrazolium，NBT）阳性细胞和IgM含量无影响。0．40mg·L^-1组在第8周时，IgM含量显著下降，而NBT阳性细胞突然急剧下降，与对照组相比差异极显著。0．70mg·L^-1组从第4周起，NBT阳性细胞和IgM含量开始减少，第6周时差异显著。1．00mg·L^-1组NBT阳性细胞数在第2周时量就已经有减少，但与对照组相比差异不显著，到第4周时差异极其显著；在第4周时IgM含量有显著差异，第6周后差异极显著。攻毒试验表明，0．40、0．70和1．00mg·L^-1组的死亡率均高于对照组。以上结果表明，当SDBS浓度大于0．40mg·L^-1时，奥尼罗非鱼免疫功能不同程度受到抑制，对NBT阳性细胞和IgM的影响存在着时间与剂量效应。

Studies on immunotoxicity of phenol and SDBS to hybrid tilapia( Tilapia nilotica × T. aurea)

The main immune indexes of hybrid tilapia （ Tilapia nilotica ♀× T. aurea ♂ ） were measured every two weeks. The 0.05 and 0. 10 mg·L^-1 sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic （SDBS） had not affected the numbers of NBT-positive cells and content of IgM. The 0.40 mg·L^-1 SDBS significantly reduced the numbers of NBT-positive cells and content of IgM in eighth week. The 0. 70 mg·L^-1 SDBS significantly reduced the numbers of NBT-positive cells and content of IgM in sixth week. The 0. 10 mg·L^-1 SDBS significantly reduced the numbers of NBT-positive cells and content of IgM in fourth week. Mortality of hybrid tilapia after injection of Aeromonas hydrophila （0. 40, 0. 70 and 1.00 mg·L^-1 SDBS） was higher than the control. These results indicated that low concentration of SDBS （0. 05 and 0. 10 mg·L^-1） did not affect the immune function of hybrid tilapia, but the higher concentrations of SDBS （0.40, 0. 70 and 1.00 mg·L^-1 ） will apparently reduce the immune function of hybrid tilapia along with time changed.