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南海区大型灯光罩网渔场渔期和渔获组成分析
引用本文:张鹏,曾晓光,杨吝,彭昌瀚,张旭丰,杨生,谭永光,杨炳忠,晏磊.南海区大型灯光罩网渔场渔期和渔获组成分析[J].南方水产,2013,9(3):74-79.
作者姓名:张鹏  曾晓光  杨吝  彭昌瀚  张旭丰  杨生  谭永光  杨炳忠  晏磊
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,广东广州510300
2. 农业部南海区渔政局,广东广州,510080
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目,国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目
摘    要:根据2005年8月-2010年5月“琼文昌33180”渔船的生产监测记录,分析了南海区大型灯光罩网渔业的渔场渔期分布和主要渔获组成。结果显示,鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)、鲹科(Carangidae)、带鱼(Trichiurus japonicus)、枪乌贼(Loligo)和舵鲣(Auxis)等为主要渔获种类,分别占总产量的40.94%、21.92%、13.56%、10.17%和6.21%;作业渔场可分为西、中沙邻近深水海域(Ⅰ区)、珠江口外大陆架海域(Ⅱ区)、北部湾大陆架海域(Ⅲ区)3个区域;Ⅰ区主捕鸢乌贼(91.10%),大型金枪鱼类也占0.83%的比例,Ⅱ区主捕鲹科(42.88%)、枪乌贼(20.34%)和带鱼(14.52%);Ⅲ区主捕带鱼(45.06%)、鲹科(22.16%)和枪乌贼(14.58%)。3月-5月主要在Ⅰ区生产,8月-9月和12月-翌年2月主要在Ⅱ区生产,10月-11月主要在Ⅲ区生产。外海(Ⅰ区)作业天数的年度波动较大,建议调整罩网外海休渔制度。

关 键 词:南海区  灯光罩网  渔场渔期  渔获组成

Analyses on fishing ground and catch composition of large-scale light falling-net fisheries in South China Sea
ZHANG Peng,ZENG Xiaoguang,YANG Lin,PENG Changhan,ZHANG Xufeng,YANG Sheng,TAN Yongguang,YANG Bingzhong,YAN Lei.Analyses on fishing ground and catch composition of large-scale light falling-net fisheries in South China Sea[J].South China Fisheries Science,2013,9(3):74-79.
Authors:ZHANG Peng  ZENG Xiaoguang  YANG Lin  PENG Changhan  ZHANG Xufeng  YANG Sheng  TAN Yongguang  YANG Bingzhong  YAN Lei
Institution:1. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources & Environments, Ministry of Agriculture;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300,China; 2. Regional Bureau of South China Sea Fishery Management , Ministyr of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510080,China
Abstract:Based on the monitoring data of "QIONG WEN CHANG NO.3180" from August 2005 to May 2010, we analyzed the fishing grounds, fishing season and dominant species of large-scale light falling-net fisheries in South China Sea. Results show that the dominant species are Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Carangidae, Trichiurus japonicus, Loligo and Auxis, which account for 40.94%, 21.92%, 13.56%, 10.17% and 6.21% of the total, respectively. We divide the fishing grounds into three areas: area Ⅰ, which is located in deep waters close to Xisha & Zhongsha Islands; area Ⅱ, located in continental shelf waters outside Pearl River estuary; and area Ⅲ, located in continental shelf waters in Beibu Gulf. Dominant species of area Ⅰ is S.oualaniensi, which account for 91.10% of total landings, and the second most species is large tunas (Thunnus albacares, T.obesus), making up 0.83%. Dominant species of area II Ⅱare Carangidae, Loligo and T.japonicus, which account for 42.88%, 20.34% and 14.52%, respectively. Dominant species of area Ⅲ are T.japonicus, Carangidae and Loligo, which account for 45.06%, 22.16% and 14.58%, respectively. The fishing vessels operate mainly in area Ⅰ from March to May, in area Ⅱ from August to September and December to February, and in area Ⅲ from October to November. Besides, annual fishing days in area Ⅰ vary dramatically. It is suggested that Fishing Closed Season for falling-net fishing in area Ⅰ should be adjusted.
Keywords:South China Sea  light falling net  fishing ground and season  catch composition
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