利用水生植物改善南太湖水质的研究

2010年对太湖水域非种植区与景观水生植物种植区的浮游植物群落结构及水质理化指标进行了调查。结果显示,非种植区和种植区采样点的理化指标在一定程度上存在差异性,且6个水生植物种植区水质理化指标均有一定程度的好转;其中,TN、TP、叶绿素a、COD Mn的降幅分别在13.76%～40.12%、5.81%～37.10%、5.50%～32.64%、3.04%～20.64%;从浮游植物群落结构分析,不同月份浮游植物优势种群变化明显,太湖水域采样点处蓝藻爆发时间比水生植物种植水域早,且爆发规模大;表明种植水生植物对于减轻南太湖营养盐内负荷、控制湖泊富营养化具有积极作用,岸边和水域内均有大量水生植物分布的1～3号采样点的净水效果略优于岸边有大量水生植物但分布较少的4～6号点。

Utilization of Aquatic Plants for Improvement of Water Quality of Southern Taihu Lake

An investigation in phytoplankton community structure and physicochemical index of water quality in non - growing area and landscape growing area of hydrophyte were conducted in southern Taihu Lake in 2010. The results showed that the physicochemical indexes of water quality in Southern Taihu Lake and landscape growing area of hydrophyte had differences to some extent,and the water quality of the six growing areas was improved to some extent. The decline of the content of TN,TP,Chl-a and CODMn were 13. 76% - 40. 12% ,5. 81% - 37. 10% , 5. 50% - 32. 64% and 3. 04% - 20. 64% separately. From the perspective of phytoplankton community structure, the dominant population of phytoplankton varied significantly in different months,and cyanobacterial bloom in Southern Taihu Lake was earlier than that in growing areas on a larger scale. Therefore,growing aquatic plants had a positive effect on the reduction of inner loading nutrients in sediments and the control of lacustrine eutrophication. Purifying effect at No. 1,No. 2 and No. 3 stations where plenty of aquatic plants vegetated in their waters and close to the shore sides was better than that in No. 4,No. 5 and No. 6 stations where there were lots of aquatic plants close to the shore sides but scarcely in the waters.