分水江水库鱼类群落结构多样性研究

2008年11月至2009年10月对分水江水库鱼类资源进行了调查,共调查8船次,统计渔获物142.48kg,测量鱼类标本1304尾,经鉴定共发现鱼类36种,隶属5目、8科、31属;其中,鲤形目26种,占总数的72.2%;鲈形目和鲶形目各4种,分别占总数的11.1%;鳗鲡目和合鳃目各1种,分别占总数的2.8%。群落优势度分析发现,优势种有5种,优势度变化范围0.38～0.61。多样性指数分析表明,鱼类种群丰富度指数（D）值为1.14～5.42,Shannon-Wiener多样度指数（H＇）为0.69～2.60,种类均匀度指数（J＇）为0.31～1.21。鱼类群落的季节差异性较高,种类变化波动以夏季最大。

Study on the Diversity of Fish Community Structure in Fenshuijiang Reservoir

The investigation on fish resources in Fenshuijiang Reservoir was carried out from November 2008 to October 2009.142.48 kg fish by 8 sailings were surveyed and 1 304 fish specimen were measured.Meanwhile,36 species of fish were identified,which belonged to 5 orders,8 families and 31 genera.Among them Cyprinidae was the largest order,which accounted for 72.2% of the total.Siluriformes and Perciformes accounted for 11.1% identically.Anguilliformes and Synbranchiformes accounted for 2.8% of the total identically.It was indicated that there were 5 dominant fishes by analyzing the dominance of fish community,and the dominance varied from 0.38 to 0.61.Three diversity indexes including species richness index（D）,Shannon-Wiener index（H＇） and species evenness index（J＇） were used to analyze diversity characteristics of the fish communities.And the value of D,H＇ and J＇ varied from 1.14 to 5.42,0.69 to 2.60 and 0.31 to 1.21 respectively.It was indicated that difference of fish communities was high in different seasons.The change was most obvious in summer.