同水体银鲫与普通鲫遗传多样性比较研究

通过2003年、2004年连续两年采样,用20对具有稳定扩增的银鲫微卫星引物对样品进行扩增,结果如下：2003年样品三倍体银鲫与二倍体鲫的平均杂合度分别为0．5885、0．6066；2004年样品两者的平均杂合度为0．5946、0．6091。2003年样品三倍体银鲫与二倍体鲫的遗传相似性系数为0．6331,两者的遗传距离为0．3669；2004年样品两者的遗传相似性系数为0．6173,遗传距离为0．3827。两年测定的结果显示三倍体银鲫的杂合度略低于二倍体鲫,两者的遗传距离较近,在所扩增的大部分微卫星位点上基因型相同或相似,其差异为种内差异,三倍体银鲫是鲫的一个特殊种群,在进化上,三倍体银鲫可能是从鲫分化而来的,是其在特殊的环境下的一种适应。

Comparative Studies of Genetic Diversity Between C. Auratus gibelio(Bloch) and C. Auratus auratus(L. ) In The Same Reservoir

Microsatellite markers are highly polymorphic molecular markers and used for more and more genetic studies.In 2003,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute isolated some micrsatellite markers from Fangzheng silver erucian carp to test for polymorphism by using classic molecular biology method.In the present study,we used 20 microsatellite markers to research genetic diversity between triploid silver crucian carp(C.auratus gibelio(Bloch))and diploid crucian(C.auratus auratus(L.))in the same reservoir(Fangzheng county Shuanglong reservoir).The samples collected series two years of 2003 and 2004 were amplified by using 20 pairs of primers which were highly stable,and the results as follows:the average heterozygosity of triploid silver crucian carp and diploid crucian in 2003 was 0.5885 and 0.6066 respectively;and was 0.5946 and 0.6091 in 2004.The genetic similarity between the triploid silver crucian carp and diploid crucian was 0.6331 in 2003,and genetic distance was 0.3669;and in 2004 the two parameters were 0.6173 and 0.3827,respectively.The results in two years indicated that the heterozygosity rate of triploid silver crucian carp less than diploid crucian carp.The genetic distance be- tween them were nearly,and the same or similar genotypes were amplified by most of microsatellite loci. So the difference between the triploid silver crucian carp and diploid crucian carp was interspeeies differ- ence,triploid silver crucian carp is a specific population of crucian.In the evolution,triploid silver cur- cian carp maybe come from the crucian carp,it was a adaptation for the specific environment.