甘露糖受体结构、功能、表达和应用研究的新进展

甘露糖受体是先天免疫系统中重要的模式识别受体和内吞受体,主要存在于巨噬细胞和树突状细胞的细胞膜表面,在维持内稳态、识别病原、诱导细胞因子、抗原递呈等过程中发挥重要作用。有关甘露糖受体靶向药物与分子疫苗的研究不断深入,显示出良好的应用前景。斑马鱼（Danio rerio）、尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloti-cus）、舌齿鲈（Dicentrarchus labrax）、斑点叉尾鮰（Ictalurus punctatus）的基因组中都预测有甘露糖受体基因。笔者首次克隆到团头鲂（Megalobrama amblycephala）甘露糖受体基因全长序列（JQ345719）和草鱼（Ctenopharyn-godon idellus）甘露糖受体基因部分序列（JX391027）。开展鱼类甘露糖受体的研究对深入了解养殖鱼类生理机能与抗感染免疫机制,开发鱼类甘露糖受体靶向新药和分子疫苗具有重要意义。

A Review of the Research Advancement of Structure, Function, Expression and Application of Mannose Receptor

Mannose receptor（MR）as an important pattern recognition receptor（PRR）and an endocytic receptor,primarily expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells,has been implicated in homeostatic processes,as well as pathogen recognition,cytokine production and antigen presentation.The MR-targeted vaccine vectors and adjuvants have been studied and have excellent application prospect.The MR genes have been predicted in genomes of zebrafish（Danio rerio）,Nile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus）,striped bass（Dicentrarchus labrax） and channel catfish（Ictalurus punctatus）.The full length cDNA of MR gene has been cloned for the first time in Chinese bream（Megalobrama amblycephala）（JQ345719）and partial cDNA of MR gene in grass carp（Ctenopharyngodon idellus） by the authors.Knowledge of the fish MR is important for understanding of the mechanism of homeostasis and anti-infection immunity in fish,as well as for developing the fish MR-targeted drugs and vaccines.