海浪河水产种质资源保护区大型底栖动物群落结构及多样性

2011年8月,对海浪河大型底栖动物群落结构进行了调查研究。本次调查共采集到了大型底栖动物14目31科56种,其中水生昆虫43种,分属7目21科,占总数75.44%。海浪河特有鱼类国家级水产种质资源保护区境内大型底栖动物共计13目30科51种,依群落数量看,蜉蝣目、毛翅目、双翅目为优势类群。海浪河大型底栖动物平均密度为180.19 ind.m-2、生物量为3.20 g.m-2。在各功能摄食生态类群中,捕食者最多,为25种,收集者15种,撕食者10种,刮食者6种。角锥毛石蚕(Brachycentinao)、泥苞虫(Setodes)、小划蝽(Siga substraia-ta)、Epeorus uenoi和Stenpsyche griseipennis是目前海浪河大型底栖动物的优势种。采用Shannon-Weiner生物指数、BI生物指数和Simposon生物指数对海浪河水质评价表明,各生物指数水质评价结果相似,洁净度排序趋势基本一致,均表明海浪河特有鱼类水产种质资源保护区境内水质比较清洁。

Community Structures of Macrobenthos and Biodiversity in Natural Aquatic Germplasm Resource Reserve Zone in Hailang River

A survey was conducted to investigate the community structure and biodiversity of macrozoobenthos in the Hailang River during August in 2011.A total of 56 species of macrobenthos were collected,belonging to 14 orders and 31 families,among which aquatic insects were the predominant,with 43 species（75.44% of the total） belonging to 21 families and 7 orders.A total of 51 species of macrobenthos were found in Endemic Fish Natural Aquatic Germplasm Resource Reserve Zone in Hailang River,belonging to 13 orders and 30 families,among which Ephemerida,Trichoptera and Diptera were prevalent groups in the number of community.The macrobenthos were found at annual average density of 180.19 ind·m-2 and biomass of 3.20 g·m-2.The maximum was found to be the predators with 25 species in all functional feeding groups,followed by 15 collectors,10 scrapers and 6 shredders.The prevalent macrobenthos species were of Brachycentinao,Setodes,Siga substraiata,Epeorus uenoi and Stenpsyche griseipennis in present Hailang River.The water quality was assessed to be basically similar and to be clear in endemic fish Natural Aquatic Germplasm Resource Reserve Zone in Hailang River by Shannon-Weiner index,biotic index（BI） and Simpson index,with coincident change tendency of apinoid grade.