放养密度和饵料种类对中国大鲵幼苗存活与生长的影响

研究了放养密度和饵料种类对幼中国大鲵（Andrias davidianus）生长发育的影响,跟踪分析了自胚胎孵化至一龄幼鲵的存活与生长发育状况。结果表明,自胚胎孵化至一龄幼鲵的养殖密度为每0.1m210～20尾时,其成活率可达到100%,投放密度每0.1m2自20尾增加到60尾,平均存活率、年体长增加和年体重增加均显著降低。投喂摇蚊幼虫、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉和小鱼虾,幼苗的存活率分别为100%、90%、95%、85%和95%,体长增加分别为8.09cm、5.45cm、5.28cm、4.57cm、6.82cm,体重增加分别为25.97g、12.68g、11.82g、10.86g和20.67g。可见,摇蚊幼虫和小鱼虾是一龄幼大鲵的适宜饵料。

Effect of Stocking Density and Food Types on Survival, Growth and Development of Juvenile Giant Salamander Andrias davidianus

The effects of stocking density and food species on survival rate,growth and development of juvenile giant salamander Andrias davidianus were studied.The survival,growth and development of the juvenile were observed from hatching to one year old.Results showed that the survival rate of 100% was found in the stocking rate of 10～20 per treated when the animals were reared in the unit area of 0.1 m2.However,the average survival rates,annual body length increment and weight gain of the juveniles had decreased significantly when the stocking rate was increased from 20 to 60 individuals per 0.1 m2.There were average annual survival rates of 100%,body length increment of 8.09 cm and weight gain of 25.97 g in the juveniles fed chironomid larvae,those of 90%,5.45cm and 12.68 g in the juveniles fed pork,95%,5.28 cm,and 11.82 g in the juveniles fed beef,85%,4.57 cm and 10.86 g in the juveniles fed mutton,and 95%,6.82 cm and 20.67 g in the juveniles fed small fish and shrimp.Therefore,the chironomid larvae,small fish and shrimp are appropriate food for breeding one old giant salamander juveniles.