调水调沙的小浪底水库中大规格鲢鳙网箱生态养殖

小浪底水库每年需进行调水调沙,水库水位剧降,最高落差可达50m,最大流量达4 000m~3/s以上,严重破坏水库水生动植物资源和渔业生态环境,影响小浪底水库网箱养鱼等。2013年以前,小浪底水库通常以6m×6m×2.5m和15m×8m×2.5m网箱养殖鲤和草鱼。本文针对小浪底水库调水调沙的特点,研究一种新型、环保、生态、高效、优质的网箱生态养殖大规格鲢鳙模式,2014年11月-2015年6月进行试验。试验网箱6m×6m×4m,箱间距5m,箱行距30m,每箱投放体质量800~1 000g/尾的鲢鳙鱼种150尾左右,养殖240~260d,出箱规格达到1 500~2 500g/尾,成活率91.5%,箱产值3 500~4 500元,净利润1 862元。养殖过程中不投喂。

Model of Large - Sized Silver Carp and Bighead Carp Culture in a Cage in Xiaolangdi Reservoir

The Xiaolangdi Reservoir needs to conduct water and sediment regulation every year, with the maximum drop of up to 50 m, and the maximum sediment roll of more than 4000 m3/sec. Before 2013, common carp (Cyprinus carp) and grass carp (Ctenophayrngodon idellus) were usually cultured in a 6 m × 6 m × 2.5 m net age or a 15 m × 8 m × 2.5 m net age in Xiaolangdi Reservoir. A new type culture of large-sized silver carp and bighead carp, which is characterized by environmental protection, ecology, high efficiency, and high-quality, was carried out in Xiaolangdi Reservoir from November 2014 to June 2015. In the production experiment, silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp(Aristichys nobils) with body weight of 800 ~ 1000 g were stocked into 250 cages of each 6 m×6 m×4 m at stocking rate of some 150 and reared without feeding for 240 ~ 260 d. The silver carp and bighead carp had final body weight of 1500 ~ 2500 g, with survival rate of 91.5%. There was output value of 3500 ~ 4500 Yuan, with net profit of 1862 Yuan per cage.