Abstract: | The whole genome of Russian red sea cucumber mitochondria introduced into culture was randomly sequenced and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results show that the genome is 16,111 base pairs (bp) in length, and contains 37 genes, including 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA (l-rRNA, s-rRNA), and 13 protein-coding genes. There are 24 gene-spacing and 5 gene-overlap regions; both the protein-coding gene and the full-sequence pair base exhibit an A and T bias; the highest frequency of amino acid coding is Ser, followed by Leu; and the codon is complete, except ND1 with GTG as the starting codon and the others with ATN as the starting codon. Most termination codons are TAA, but the termination codons of ND2 and ND4 are TTG and TAG, respectively; The length of tRNA ranges from 66 to 72 bp, two genes are duplicated, and 21 genes predict their clover structure. The length and position of l-rRNA and s-rRNA are different, and the use of bases is similar. The gene arrangement of the protein-coding gene is the same as that of Holothuroidea and Echinoidea, and gene models are shared with Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea. A genetic distance analysis shows that the Russian red sea cucumber is closest to Apostichopus japonicus from three habitats. A BLAST analysis shows that Russian red sea cucumbers have the highest homology with A. japonicus. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the maximum likelihood method and the amino acid and nucleotide sequences, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent genetic research of Russian red sea cucumbers. |