维生素E和硒对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼生长及血清抗氧化酶活性的影响

本研究采用2×5双因子试验设计,即在基础饲料中分别添加0和0.15 mg/kg的Se,每一Se水平下分别添加0、30、60、90、120 mg/kg的维生素E(VE),共制成10种试验饲料,饲喂平均初始体质量为(0.37±0.01)g的吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)70 d,每组设3个重复,每个重复组50尾吉富罗非鱼,其中饲喂未添加Se和VE的基础饲料组为对照组。结果表明,(1)VE对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、摄食量和饲料系数均有显著影响(P0.05),就生长性能而言,单独添加VE的适宜范围是63.86–70.58 mg/kg。Se对吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特定生长率的影响不显著(P0.05),但在VE添加量为0 mg/kg的试验组中,硒的添加使吉富罗非鱼增重率高于对照组。VE和Se对吉富罗非鱼生长的交互作用没有显著影响(P0.05)。(2)VE对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有显著影响(P0.05),总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和CAT活性随VE添加量的增加呈上升趋势。而Se可显著影响T-SOD和GSH-PX的活性(P0.05),在VE添加量范围60–90 mg/kg时,加Se试验组的T-SOD、GSH-PX和CAT活性较不加Se组有所上升。VE和Se对GSH-PX活性的影响具有显著的交互作用(P0.05)。在本研究条件下,VE和Se对吉富罗非鱼的生长及抗氧化有一定促进作用,二者联合使用,没有协同促生长作用,但抗氧化作用得到进一步加强。

Effects of Dietary Vitamin E and Selenium on the Growth and the Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Serum of Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

In this study we investigated the effects of dietary vitamin E and selenium on the growth and the antioxidant enzyme activities in serum of juvenile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus）. A total of 1500 tilapias with an average initial body weight of（0.37±0.01） g were fed for 70 days with 10 different practical diets according to a 2×5 factorial design： selenium was added into a basal diet at two concentrations（0 and 0.15 mg/kg） to form two types of diets; in each type vitamin E was added at 0, 30, 60,90 or 120 mg/kg separately to form 5 groups; there were 10 groups in total; there were 3 replicates per group with 50 tilapias; the basal diet without selenium or vitamin E served as the control. The results showed that dietary vitamin E had significant influence on the weight gain, the specific growth rate, feed intake, and the feed conversion ratio（P〈0.05）. According to the growth performance, the optimal level of vitamin E in the diet could be 63.86？70.58 mg/kg. Dietary selenium had no significant influence on the weight gain and the specific growth rate（P〉0.05）, but the weight gain was higher than the control group when the diet was supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg selenium and 0 mg/kg vitamin E. Dietary vitamin E and selenium had no significant influence on the growth performance（P〉0.05）. Dietary vitamin E significantly influenced the activities of glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX） and catalase（CAT）（P〈0.05）. The activities of total superoxide dismutase（T-SOD） and CAT also appeared to increase along with the elevation of the vitamin E level. Selenium had significant influence on the activities of GSH-PX and T-SOD（P〈0.05）. When the added vitamin E was between 60 and 90 mg/kg, the groups with 0.15 mg/kg selenium show an increase in the activities of T-SOD, GSH-PX and CAT compared to the groups without selenium. Dietary vitamin E and selenium had significant interactive effect on the activity of GSH-PX（P〈0.05）. In conclusion vitamin E or selenium alone could impr