裂壶藻对刺参生长、免疫及消化酶的影响

以初始平均体重为(12.5±2.0)g的刺参为研究对象,在室内玻璃钢桶内进行了56 d饲喂实验。以基础饲料为对照组(A),研究基础饲料中分别添加0.5%(B)、1.25%(C)、2.0%(D)的裂壶藻对刺参生长、免疫及消化酶的影响。结果表明,C组、D组可显著提高刺参的特定生长率(SGR)(P0.05)。C组和D组刺参体腔液碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、吞噬活性、肠道淀粉酶均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。C组的体腔液呼吸爆发活性和肠道蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。B组的AKP、LZM、肠道淀粉酶活性均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。饲料中添加裂壶藻各处理组刺参成活率均为100%。实验结果表明,1.25%-2.0%裂壶藻添加量可显著提高刺参的生长速度和免疫酶活性;饲料中添加1.25%裂壶藻能够显著增加刺参肠道的蛋白酶、淀粉酶的消化活性:裂壶藻有作为刺参营养添加剂的应用前景。

Effects of dietary Schizochytrium limacinum on the growth, immunity and digestion enzyme activity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

As an immuno-potentiator Schizochytrium limacinum was widely used in aquaculture, however its impact in the farming of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of dietary S. limacinum on the growth, immunity and the digestion enzyme activities of sea cucumber A. japonicus, and therefore to determine its optimal portion in the feeding diet. In the 8-week experiment, three groups of sea cucumber（with initial average weight of 12. 5 ±2. 0g） were fed with basic diet implemented with different portions of S. limacinum： 0. 5% （Group B）, 1.25% （Group C）, and 2. 0% （Group D）. The control group （A） was fed with the same basal diet only. The results showed that the specific growth rate （SGR） was significantly higher in Group C and D compared to the control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Compared to the control, Groups C and D also showed significantly higher activities in terms of alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, acid phosphatase（ACP）, lysozyme （LZM）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, phagocytic activity, and intestinal amylase （P 〈0. 05）. When fed with 1.25% S. limacinum （Group C）, the sea cucumber exhibited significantly higher respiratory burst activity in coelomic fluid and higher activity of intestinal protease than the control group （P 〈 0. 05）. In Group B, the activities of AKP, LZM and intestinal am- ylase were significantly higher than those of the control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. During the feeding experi- ment, all the treated sea cucumbers were healthy. Based on the facts above, our conclusions are. （1） Basic diet with the addition of 1.25% S. limacinum effectively enhances the growth and the immunity of sea cucumber; （2） Long-term administration of S. limacinum should be safe in sea cucumber farming.