等边三角型人工鱼礁礁体结构设计及其稳定性

在山东威海西港水产公司小石岛造礁工程投放的三角型礁的基础上,改良设计了等边三角型礁。礁体的尺寸为:等边三角型的边长2 m,宽3.3 m,重8.1 t。根据山东海区的波流状况,测量计算了礁体在8种波况和5种流速下所受到的最大作用力、抗漂移安全系数和抗翻滚安全系数。结果表明,该礁型在实际投放水深为15 m、波高为6 m时,可能失稳发生漂移,在其他波况下能较好地保持稳定;该礁型在投放水深15 m、流速达到1 m/s时,仍能保持稳定,无漂移和翻滚现象。此外,在计算的基础上,对礁体的稳定性进行了观察试验,观察结论与计算结果基本相符。

Structure design and stability of the equilateral triangle artificial reef

Based on the triangle artificial reef that was deployed in the project of reef construction at Xiaoshidao by Weihaixigang Aquatic Products Company, an equilateral triangle artificial reef was designed in the present study. The side length, width, weight of this artificial reef is 3.3 m, 2 m and 8. 1 t, respectively. According to the wave and current condition at Shandong Province, 5 current velocities and 8 wave conditions were set. The maximum force, coefficient of maximum static friction,coefficient of anti-rolling, and coefficient of anti-slide at different test conditions were calculated. With the increment of wave period and wave height, the maximum forces acting on the reef increased. The maximum forces also increased gradually with the increase of current velocity; and the relationship between maximum force and velocity was expressed as Fmax = 4. 146V2. The results of stability calibration showed that the reef slided when the water depth reached 15 m and the wave height reached 6 m. The reef kept stable on the sea floor in which the water depth is 15 m and the current velocity is 1 m/s. To validate the calculation results, an observation test of the stability of this reef was carried out. The resuits of the observation test and those from calculation matched. The stability of the equilateral triangle artificial reef met the requirement and it is suitable to use in Shandong.