水流和光照条件对舌状蜈蚣藻Grateloupia livida (Harv)Yamad果孢子萌发生长的影响

在不同水流和不同光照条件下，分别对舌状蜈蚣藻Grateloupia livida (Harv)Yamad果孢子萌发情况展开研究，以期为其苗种生产奠定基础。舌状蜈蚣藻果孢子在附着1 d、15 d后，置于不同水流速度(0、1、1.5、4、7、10、14 cm/s；1.5 cm/s流速由充气控制，其他流速由流水装置控制)培养20 d；舌状蜈蚣藻果孢子附着1 d后，在不同光照周期(6L∶18D、8L∶16D、10L∶14D、12L∶12D、14L∶10D、16L∶8D)和不同光照强度(35、85、135 µmol photons/m2·s)交叉条件下培养70 d。结果显示，附着1 d的果孢子萌发体在静止条件下的萌发生长明显优于其他水流速度下的(P<0.05)；附着15 d的果孢子萌发体在1.5 cm/s流速下的萌发生长最好(P<0.05)，在静止条件下的萌发生长明显慢于其他流速下的各组(P<0.05)。光照周期和光照强度对果孢子萌发生长的影响显著(P<0.05)，这二者对盘状体和孢苗生长的影响具有交互作用(P<0.05)，对盘状体萌发出直立体的影响没有交互作用(P>0.05)。光照时间为8–10 h，盘状体萌发直立体的百分率以及孢苗的高度明显高于其他光照时间下的各组。光照强度为35 µmol photons/m2·s时，盘状体萌发直立体的百分率以及孢苗的高度明显比其他光照强度下的高。研究表明，在舌状蜈蚣藻育苗生产中，可采取孢子刚附着时静水培养，附苗后15 d充气培养，并控制光照时间为8–10 h和光照强度为35 µmol photons/ m2·s。

Effect of Water Velocity and Light on the Growth and Development of Grateloupia livida (Harv) Yamad Carpospores

Grateloupia livida (Harv) Yamad is a red seaweed that has high economic value. In recent years, research on the seed production of G. livida has gained more and more attention. To further understand the progress of seed production, we studied the effects of water velocity and light on the growth and development of G. livida carpospores under the laboratory conditions. G. livida carpospores that attached for 1 d and 15 d were incubated in the water with different velocities (0, 1, 1.5, 4, 7, 10, 14 cm/s) for 20 d. The 0 cm/s group was the control group (without any water flow or under non-aerated condition). Except that the 1.5 cm/s group was controlled by aeration, all other groups were controlled by the water flow equipment. G. livida carpospores that attached for 1 d were incubated with different light intensity (35, 85, 135 µmol photons/m2·s) at different photo periods (6L:18D, 8L:16D, 10L:14D, 12L:12D, 14L:10D and 16L:8D) for 70 d. The results were described as follows: G. livida carpospores that attached for 1 d developed faster in the 0 cm/s group than in the other water velocity groups (P<0.05). The carpospores that attached for 15 d had grew and developed more slowly in the 0 cm/s group than in any other water velocity groups, and the optimum water velocity was 1.5 cm/s (P<0.05). The photo period and light intensity had a significant effect on the growth and development of G. livida carpospores and had interactive effects on the growth of the disc and plantlet (P<0.05). The optimum light condition for G. livida carpospores was 8L:16D and 10L:14D as the photo period and 35 µmol photons/m2·s as the light intensity. We recommended that the released carpospores of G. livida should be incubated in the still water for 15 d and then in the water with a velocity of 1.5 cm/s (by aeration) under the light intensity of 35 µmol photons/m2·s and photo period of 8L:16D or 10L:14D.