中国深远海养殖发展方式研究

在渔业转型发展进程中,发展深远海养殖是突破生态环境和自然资源约束性挑战,实现新时期中国海水养殖业可持续发展的战略方向。基于联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)关于深远海养殖发展的定义,结合中国海水养殖业发展水平和海域条件,对中国深远海养殖概念进行了界定。提出养殖品种选择、养殖系统构建、养殖海域规划是关系深远海养殖产业稳步有序发展的重要因素。在养殖品种选择方面,应重点考虑经济潜力、适应水温和养殖技术;在养殖系统构建上,分析比较了不同养殖系统应用于深远海养殖的适宜性、安全性和经济性;在养殖海域规划方面,应重点考虑养殖排放、环境承载力和海域条件。

Research on the development way of deepsea mariculture in China

In the process of fishery transformation and development,the development of deepsea mariculture is the strategic direction to break through the challenges of ecological environment and natural resources constraint and realize the sustainable development of China’s mariculture industry in the new era.This paper defines the concept of deepsea mariculture in China with consideration of the development level of mariculture industry and marine geological conditions based on the definition of deepsea mariculture proposed by FAO.It is proposed that selecting aquaculture species,constructing aquaculture systems and planning aquaculture sea areas are important factors for the steady and orderly development of deepsea mariculture.Emphasis should be given to economic potential,adaptive temperature and aquaculture techniques in the selection of aquaculture species.The suitability,safety performance and economic feasibility of different aquaculture systems for deepsea mariculture are analyzed and compared in the construction of aquaculture systems.Aquaculture discharge,environmental carrying capacity and marine geological conditions should be mainly considered in the planning of aquaculture sea areas.