欧洲舌齿鲈和花鲈生长期营养需求特点综述

鱼类的生长期(幼鱼和成鱼阶段)相对于仔稚鱼阶段在养殖生产中持续时间较长,是养殖生产的重要阶段和保证产品质量的关键时期。鱼类生长期饲料使用量大、所占养殖成本高。该时期营养需求特点不同于仔稚鱼期和亲鱼期,有其阶段特殊性,因此,针对鱼类生长期营养需求特点的研究有其必要性。花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)作为我国的名优海水鱼,得到大规模养殖,市场广阔。欧洲舌齿鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)作为引进新品种,与花鲈的生活习性、营养需求和生长特点颇为相似。在现有文献基础上,较系统地综述和比较了欧洲舌齿鲈和花鲈对蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、脂肪酸、维生素、矿物质等营养物质的需求量范围和需求异同点,并提出了今后的研究方向和重点,以期为专用配合饲料研发、更好地满足养殖生产提供参考。

Nutrient requirements for Dicentrarchus labrax and Lateolabrax japonicas in growth period

Compared with fish larval period,the growth period including juvenile and grow-out stage is longer much longer and is a crucial time for ensuring product quality in aquaculture? In this period,feed is usually applied in large amount and accounts for a large proportion of aquaculture cost,meanwhile,due to the growth period specificity in nutrient requirements compared with the larvae and broodstock stages,it is quite necessary to research the characteristics of nutrient demand in such period? As high-value marine species with broad market,Japanese sea bass ( Lateolabrax japonicas) is being widely cultured in our country,while European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) ,as a new variety introduced from Europe,is very similar to Japanese sea bass in life habits,nutrient requirements and growth characteristics? This paper reviews the demand ranges of these two species in nutrients such as protein, amino acid, lipid, fatty acid, vitamin and mineral, etc?, compares the similarities and differences between them in nutrient requirements,and proposes the future research directions and key areas,in the wish to provide scientific references for the development of specific compound feed which can better meet the aquaculture demand.