波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体的培育及其形态观察

为了探索波纹龙虾(Panulirus homarus)幼体培育新方法,并系统描述其幼体形态特征.在室内以5种不同的饵料组合投喂波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体.结果表明,扁藻(Platymonas sp.) 卤虫(Artemia salina)组的存活率和变态率最高,到48 d后,幼体存活率达25%,并25%的幼体能顺利完成6次蜕皮;卤虫组、角毛藻(Chaetoceros sp.) 卤虫组的存活率和变态率较低,没有幼体能顺利完成4次蜕皮.对叶状幼体的形态特征进行观察,发现刚孵出和蜕皮1次的叶状幼体无眼柄,第2次蜕皮后开始出现眼柄,第3次蜕皮后开始出现第4步足,第5次蜕皮后开始出现第5步足,在随后的几次蜕皮后,第4步足明显增长,第9次蜕皮后第4步足出现带有羽状刚毛的外肢.以扁藻 卤虫作为饵料时,波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体培育效果较好,并获得了脱皮9次的叶状幼体.

Culturing and observation on morphological character of the early phyllosomas of scalloped spiny lobster Panulirus homarus

To seek the new methods for scalloped spiny lobster Panulirus homarus phyllosoma culture and describe systematically its morphological character,the Panulirus homarus phyllosomas were fed on five kinds of diets in the laboratory.The survival rate and metamorphosis rate of P.homarus phyllosoma were examined.The results showed that the group of Platymonas sp.and Artemia salina nauplii has high survival rate and metamorphosis rate of the phollosoma,and the survival rate of the phollosoma is 25% in 48 days and 25% phollosomas can moult 6 times.But the group of Chaetoceros sp.and Artemia salina nauplii and the group of Artemia salina nauplii has worse effect,and no phollosoma can moult 4 times.The morphological changes of phollosoma were observed.The newly hatched phollosomas and the first moulted phollosomas have no eyestalks while the second moulted phollosomas have eyestalks.The third moulted phollosomas appear the fourth pereiopods.The fifth moulted phollosomas appear the fifth pereiopods.With the growth of phollosoma,the length of the fourth pereiopods increase,and the exopod of the fourth pereiopods appears natatory setae after the ninth moult.This indicates that the favourable feed is Artemia salina nauplii in combination with Platymonas sp..Phollosoma moulted nine times was gained.